1、F2170-11deformable circumferential fins located around the exteriorfloor coverings should be consulted for a defined set ofcircumference near the bottom of the liner shall be provided toinstructions addressed to the task of removing all resilient floorcreate a positive seal against the concrete.The
2、liner shall be ofcovering structures.sufficient length to extend from the bottom diameter of the hole7.2 Lead Warning-Certain paints may contain lead.Expo-to the surface of the concrete.See Fig.1.sure to excessive amounts of lead dust presents a health hazard.NorE 1-The purpose of the liner is to is
3、olate the probe from thesidewall of the hole so that moisture only enters into the sensor from aRefer to applicable federal,state,and local laws and guidelinesspecific depth at the bottom of the hole.The specified diameter range willfor hazard identification and abatement of lead-based paintusually
4、permit the hole to intersect a sufficient volume of cement paste topublished by the U.S.Department of Housing and Urbanprovide adequate moisture interaction with the sensor for accurateDevelopment regarding appropriate methods for identifyingmeasurement.Smaller diameter holes may intersect only a si
5、ngle aggre-lead-based paint and removing such paint,and any licensing,gate particle at the bottom of the hole and therefore produce inaccurateresults.If the user observes that the bottom of the hole is occupied by acertification,and training requirements for persons performingsingle aggregate partic
6、le,do not use that hole.lead abatement work.46.2 Humidity Probe and Digital Meter-Relative humidity7.3 Wet Concrete Warning-Contact with wet(unhardened)and temperature sensors in cylindrical probe,designed suchconcrete,mortar,cement,or cement mixtures can cause skinthat when the probe is installed t
7、o its full depth within the holeirritation,severe chemical burns,or serious eye damage.Wearliner,the following geometrical considerations shall be met:waterproof gloves,a long-sleeved shirt,full-length trousers,6.2.1 The sensing elements of the probe shall be locatedand proper eye protection when wo
8、rking with these materials.within 0.625+0.125 in.(15.9+3 mm)of the base of the linerIf you have to stand in wet concrete,use waterproof boots thatand the probe sealed or gasketed within itself and the liner suchare high enough to keep concrete from flowing into them.Washthat the volume of air being
9、measured cannot escape upwardwet concrete,mortar,cement,or cement mixtures from yourbeyond 0.625 0.125 in.(15.9 3 mm)within the probeskin immediately after contact.Indirect contact through clothitself or the liner.See Fig.2.ing can be as serious as direct contact,so promptly rinse out6.2.2 Obtain pr
10、obes from a manufacturer with NIST trace-wet concrete,mortar,cement,or cement mixtures from cloth-able calibration equal to or better than+2 relative humiditying.Seek immediate medical attention if you have persistent orat 50%relative humidity and+2%relative humidity at 90%severe discomfort.relative
11、 humidity.NorE 2-Calibration by end-users using saturated salt solutions in8.Calibrationaccordance with Practice Practice for Maintaining Constant RelativeHumidity by Means of Aqueous Solutions is not recommended due to the8.1 Recalibrate probes at least annually or more frequentlytechnical difficul
12、ties of maintaining sufficiently accurate reference stan-if exposed to environmental conditions that affect measurementdards.Checking with salt solutions is an acceptable method of assessingaccuracy.probe performance.8.2 Check probe calibration within 30 days before use by7.Hazardseither of the two
13、following procedures:8.2.1 Calibration Check Procedure 1,Saturated Salt7.1 Silica and Asbestos Warning-Do not sand,dry sweep,Solutions-Prepare saturated salt solutions in accordance withdry scrape,drill,saw,beadblast,or mechanically chip orPractice E104.Follow probe manufacturers recommendedpulveriz
14、e existing resilient flooring,backing,lining felt,paint,asphaltic cutback adhesives,or other adhesives.These productsprocedure for exposing probes.Record the as-found relativehumidity and the nominal relative humidity of the salt solu-may contain asbestos fibers or crystalline silica.Avoid creatingt
15、ions.If the as-found relative humidity differs from the nominaldust.Inhalation of such dust is a cancer and respiratory tracthazard.Smoking by individuals exposed to asbestos fibersgreatly increases the risk of serious bodily harm.UnlessRecommended Work Practices for Removal of Resilient Floor Cover
16、ings.positively certain that the product is a nonasbestos-containingResilient Floor Covering Institute,401 East Jefferson St.,Suite 102,Rockville,MDmaterial,presume that it contain asbestos.Regulations may20R50require that the material be tested to determine asbestosLead-Based Paint:Interim Guidelin
17、es for Hazard ldentification and Abatementin Public and Indian Housing.U.S.Department of Housing and Urbancontent.The Resilient Floor Covering Institutes(RFCI)rec-Development.NTIS Order Number PB91-144311.Available online from www.fed-ommended work practices for removal of existing resilientworld.go
18、v.FIG.1 Example Hole with LinerCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved):2F2170-1110.3.1 Use a rotary hammerdrill with a carbide-tipped drill10.5.3 Check for drift.Meter reading must not drift morebit to drill holes to required depth.Drill bit diameter shall notthan 1 relative humidity over 5 min.
19、Equilibration may takeexceed 0.04 in.(1 mm)larger than the external diameter of theseveral hours to several days depending on factors such as thehole liner.Hole shall be drilled dry.Do not use water forinitial temperature difference between probe and concrete.Thecooling or lubrication;do not wet-cor
20、e test hole.meter can be turned off and disconnected from the probe while10.3.2 Remove dust from the hole using a vacuum cleaner.the probe equilibrates with the concrete.(Warning-Avoid blowing dust from the hole that might10.5.4 Record the relative humidity to the nearest percentbecome respirable.We
21、ar respiratory protection if necessary toand temperature to the nearest degree Celsius(Fahrenheit).avoid breathing concrete dust while drilling and cleaningAlso record the location of the hole within the structure andholes.depth of the probe tip below the concrete surface to the nearest10.3.3 Insert
22、 hole liner to bottom of hole.Place rubber0.04in.(mm).stopper into upper end of liner and seal around liner to concrete10.5.5 Use the relative humidity probe to measure theat concrete surface with joint sealant,caulk,or gasketed cover.ambient air temperature and relative humidity above the slab in10
23、.3.4 Allow 72 h to achieve moisture equilibrium withinthe vicinity of the hole.Record the relative humidity to thethe hole before making relative humidity measurements.nearest percent,and temperature to the nearest degree Fahren-10.3.5 Continue the determination of relative humidity inheit(Celsius).
24、accordance with 10.5.10.6 Remove the hole liner and fill the hole with a cemen-NorE 4Measurement of relative humidity on concrete powder col-titious patching compound to produce a surface finish inlected from a drilled hole does not produce results of sufficient accuracyaccordance with Practice F710
25、,in Paragraph 4.5 under Generalto meet the purposes described in Significance and Use.Guidelines.Use a patching compound rated by its manufac-10.4 Alternative Procedure B-Cast Holes:turer as suitable for the depth of patch.10.4.1 Before placing concrete,secure liner tube to form-11.Reportwork or ste
26、el reinforcement to avoid displacement of tubesduring concrete placement,consolidation,and finishing.11.1 Report the following information:10.4.2 Secure a solid rod slightly smaller than the inner11.1.1 Name and address of the structurediameter of the liner into the liner so that the bottom end of t
27、he11.1.2 Date and time measurements were made.rod is flush with the bottom end of the liner at measurement11.1.3 Name,title,and affiliation of worker performing thedepth and the top end protrudes above the top of the liner.Thismeasurements.rod will exclude fresh concrete from entering the liner duri
28、ng11.1.4 Locations and depths of probe holes within theconcrete placement and consolidation.structure.10.4.3 Place,consolidate,and finish the concrete,ensuring11.1.5 Relative humidity in each probe hole,to the nearestthe liner remains at required depth.Remove the inner solid rodpercent relative humi
29、dity.after the concrete hardens and place a rubber stopper into the11.1.6 Temperature in each probe hole,to the nearest degreeupper end of the liner.Celsius(Fahrenheit).10.4.4 Holes formed by casting liners in fresh concrete can11.1.7 Ambient air temperature,to the nearest degree Cel-be used to meas
30、ure relative humidity as soon as the concretesius(Fahrenheit)and relative humidity(to the nearest percenthardens.(Warning-Holes formed in fresh concrete mightrelative humidity)above each probe hole.contain highly alkaline solution(pH12)that must be removed11.1.8 Make,model,and last calibration date
31、of the instru-before placing probes.This solution can cause chemical burnsment used to make the measurements.on exposed skin.Remove solution from a hole using a sponge11.2 Report any observations that might affect the interpre-or rag.Wear protective eyewear and gloves.Handle soakedtation of individu
32、al measurements such as standing water onrags or sponges with care.Do not use compressed air to blowthe slab,wet coring operations,weather,or ventilating systemsolution out of holes.)operations.10.5 Measurement:12.Precision and Bias10.5.1 Remove the rubber stopper at the top of the liner andinsert p
33、robe.Seal the probe lead wire to the liner where the12.1 Precision of this test method is being determined.wire emerges from the top of the liner.Connect the probe lead12.2 Bias is affected by accuracy of probe calibration andwire to the meter,turn on the meter and allow it to warm up ascan be stron
34、gly affected by equilibration of probes in theindicated by the manufacturers instructions.concrete.Measurements made too soon after placing a probe in10.5.2 Allow probe to reach temperature equilibrium beforea drilled hole may be significantly higher or lower thanmeasuring relative humidity.Probe sh
35、all be at the samemeasurements made under equilibrium conditionstemperature as the concrete before reading.Even a smalldifference in temperature will produce a significant error in13.Keywordsrelative humidity measurement.13.1 concrete;flooring:floors;moisture;relative humidityCopyright by ASTM Intl(
36、all rights reserved):4F2170-11APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1.EXAMPLE REPORT FORMREPORT OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN CONCRETEName and address of structureIdentify FloorTest Location(useDepth from top of Relative Humidity in Temperature inAir Temperature,FAir RelativeNotesroom numbers orslab,in.concr
37、ete,%concrete,FHumidity.%building grid)Instrument UsedMake,Model,Serial numberLast calibration dateTests performed byNameDateCompany name,addressRELATED MATERIALBS5325:1996.Code of Practice for Installation of Textile Floor Cover-an Early Age,CBI Report 3:90,Swedish Cement and Concreteings.Research
38、Institute,1990.BS8203:1996.Code of Practice for Installation of Resilient FloorNew Zealand Federation of Master Flooring Contractors and New ZealandCoverings.Concrete Research Association.Manual of Practices and ConditionsHedenblad,G.,Drying on Construction Water in Concrete,T9:1997.for the New Zeal
39、and Flooring Industry:Concrete Floor Construction.Swedish Council for Building Research,1997.(Available from SvenskWellington,NZ.1984.Byggtjanst,Stockholm.)Nordtest Method NT BUILD 439,Concrete Hardened:Relative HumidityMolina.L.Measurement of High Humidity in Cementitious Material atMeasured in Drilled Holes.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved):
