1、介入放射学杂志2023年2月第32卷第2期J Intervent Radiol 2023,Vol.32,No.2 血管介入Vascular intervention MRI融合导航经颈静脉肝内门体分流术的临床优势和经验安涛,阮娜,罗翰林,马瑛,李记华,何旭,许卫国,王天佑,李勇【摘要】目的探讨MRI融合导航技术在经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)中的应用价值及其在食管胃底静脉栓塞的技术优势。方法选取2020年12月至2021年3月在珠海市人民医院治疗的6例需行TIPS手术患者。术前行肝脏容积加速采集成像(LAVA)序列腹部MRI增强扫描,将MRI增强图像与术中DSA图像匹配并2次校准后的融合图
2、像叠加至术中透视影像,作为由肝静脉至门静脉穿刺的路径指引,同时在MRI融合导航下不使用对比剂完成胃底静脉插管,根据静脉曲张情况行栓塞治疗。结果6例导引手术全部成功,技术成功率100%。2例采用气管插管麻醉,4例局部麻醉。术中肝静脉和门静脉穿刺为(2.51.7)次,穿刺时间(开始穿刺至导丝通过)为(211.7180.6)s,手术时长为(117.553.5)min,X射线累积剂量为(1 010.3833.8)mGy,对比剂使用量为(122.525.9)mL,均未出现严重并发症。结论MRI融合导航技术辅助TIPS手术安全可行,融合导航下可快速完成食管胃底静脉插管,技术优势明显,值得临床推广。【关键词
3、】磁共振成像;经颈静脉肝内门体分流术;影像融合;肝脏容积加速采集成像;导航中图分类号:R575.2文献标志码:A文章编号:1008-794X(2023)-02-0119-04Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with help of MRI fusion image navigation technique:its clinical advantages and preliminary experience AN Tao,RUAN Na,LUO Hanlin,MA Ying,LI Jihua,HE Xu,XU Weiguo,WANG T
4、ianyou,LI Yong.Department of Interventional Medicine,Zhuhai PeoplesHospital,Zhuhai,Guangdong Province 519000,ChinaCorresponding author:LI Yong,E-mail:【Abstract】Objective To discuss the application value of MRI fusion image navigation technology inperforming transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic sh
5、unt(TIPS),and to analyze its technical advantages inesophagogastric vein embolization treatment.MethodsA total of 6 patients,who were admitted to theZhuhai Peoples Hospital of China to receive TIPS between December 2020 and March 2021,were enrolledin this study.The preoperative abdominal enhanced MR
6、I scan by using liver acquisition with volumeacceleration(LAVA)sequence was performed in all patients.The enhanced MRI images were matched withthe intraoperative DSA images to obtain fusion images,after making 2 times of calibration processing thefusion images were superimposed on the intraoperative
7、 fluoroscopy images,thus fused images were used as aroute guide for the puncturing through hepatic vein into portal vein.Under MRI fusion image navigationguidance and with no use of contrast medium,the gastric vein catheterization was performed and theesophagogastric vein embolization treatment,when
8、 needed,was carried out.Results With the help of MRIfusion image navigation technology,successful TIPS was accomplished in all the 6 patients,the technicalsuccess rate was 100%.Tracheal intubation anesthesia was employed in 2 patients and local anesthesia wasadopted in 4 patients.The number of hepat
9、ic and portal vein punctures were(2.51.7)times,the mean timespent for puncture(from starting puncture to guide wire passing through)was(211.7180.6)seconds,themean time spent for operation was(117.553.5)minutes,the mean cumulative X-ray dose was(1 010.3833.8)mGy,and the mean used amount of contrast m
10、edium was(122.525.9)mL.No serious complicationsDOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-794X.2023.02.003作者单位:519000广东珠海珠海市人民医院(暨南大学附属珠海医院)通信作者:李勇E-mail:119介入放射学杂志2023年2月第32卷第2期J Intervent Radiol 2023,Vol.32,No.2经 颈 静 脉 肝 内 门 体 分 流 术(transjugularintrahepatic portosystemic shunt,TIPS)是治疗门静脉高压的微创手术,也是介入放射学难度最高的手术之一,主要难
11、点是建立有效的穿刺通道1。近年来,影像融合技术快速发展,先后应用于脑血管病、胸腹部大血管的介入治疗,TIPS手术中也在逐步开展,主要方法是CT影像融合导航。本研究创新性地通过将患者术前腹部MRI与术中DSA影像融合导引TIPS手术,并在导航下行胃底静脉选择性插管栓塞,效果良好。现报道如下。1材料与方法1.1一般资料选取2020年12月至2021年3月在珠海市人民医院治疗的6例需行TIPS手术患者。术前采用肝脏容积加速采集成像(liver acquisition with volumeacceleration,LAVA)序列行上腹部MRI动态增强扫描,排除门静脉海绵样变或门静脉主干显示不清患者,
12、术中提取MR肝静脉和门静脉血管像进行实时导航。所有患者均签署手术知情同意书。1.2设备与影像采集MR设备:Discovery MR750W 3.0T磁共振成像系统(美国 GE 医疗公司);血管机设备:DiscoveryIGS 740 复合手术室(美国GE医疗公司);后处理工作 站:GE Healthcare AW4.7;后 处 理 软 件 包:Volume Viewer 11.3。采用LAVA动态增强MRI扫描采集影像。MR对比剂(Gd-DTPA)用量:0.2 mL/kg,速率 2 mL/s;LAVA技术参数:TE minimum,带宽142.86 kHz,反转角15,FOV 38 cm,矩阵
13、256200,层厚5 mm,加速因子2.0 Ph,每期扫描时间16 s;扫描延时时间:注射开始后20 s扫描一组动脉期,门静脉期5060 s扫描两组,延迟期3 min扫描一组。1.3导航准备通 过 影 像 存 档 及 传 输 系 统(PACS)将MRI-LAVA序列门静脉期图像回传至DSA工作站,行导航前准备(图1):选择Auto Bone Xpress功能,进入自动去骨界面,手动剪切提取T12椎体及肋骨,用容积重建技术呈现,另一窗口用容积重建技术重建血管结构,重点显示肝静脉、门静脉及曲张静脉主干,标记肝静脉、门静脉穿刺点,选择导出功能用于椎体配准。患者取仰卧位,采用气管插管全身麻醉,或穿刺点
14、局部麻醉结合皮下注射吗啡止痛;转动C臂选取患者左前斜右前斜双工作角度行T12椎体及肋骨图像配准,保存匹配结果,切换至血管像开始实时导航;术中行腹腔干或肠系膜上动脉间接门静脉造影予融合血管像门静脉血管校准,行选择性肝静脉造影予融合血管像肝静脉血管校准。所有图像处理由经验丰富的同一主管技师完成。除去配准校准步骤,导航过程由设备自动跟踪完成。1.4手术方法患者取仰卧位,显露股动脉区,采用Seldingeroccurred.ConclusionMRI fusion image navigation technology-assisted TIPS procedure is clinically saf
15、eand feasible.Under MRI fusion image navigation guidance,esophagogastric vein catheterization can berapidly accomplished.Because of its remarkable technical advantage,this technique is worth promoting inthe clinical practice.【Key words】magnetic resonance imaging;transjugular intrahepatic portosystem
16、ic shunt;image fusion;liver acquisition with volume acceleration;navigation使用后处理工作站提取T12椎体及肋骨;匹配界面,选取双工作角度(左前斜右前斜)透视图像分别进行T12椎体与肋骨图像配准;提取肝静脉、门静脉曲张影像用于术中导航显示图1配准界面腹部MRI-LAVA序列门静脉期骨骼提取、三维血管重建120介入放射学杂志2023年2月第32卷第2期J Intervent Radiol 2023,Vol.32,No.2法穿刺单侧股动脉,留置导管鞘,通过导丝引入RH导管至腹腔干或肠系膜上动脉行间接门静脉造影,确认门静脉情况;显露颈部区域,Seldinger法穿刺右颈总静脉,留置导管鞘,行选择性肝静脉插管;通过后处理工作站完成MRI肝静脉、门静脉三维图像重建,根据需要标注穿刺点;经颈静脉引入RUPS穿刺套件,融合影像导航下调节穿刺针方向行穿刺,导航图像自动跟随移动,穿刺完成后造影验证(图2);经导丝引入6 mm80 mm球囊导管行穿刺通道扩张,抽瘪球囊将穿刺套件中血管鞘顺势送入门静脉主干,通过鞘管引入专用覆膜支架,后