1、现代生物医学进展Progress in Modern Biomedicine Vol.23NO.2JAN.2023doi:10.13241/ki.pmb.2023.02.033基于蛋白组学的脓毒症补体凝血级联通路及标志物 KLKB1 研究*于洋1罗福龙2胡迎春2陈睦虎2伍长学3(1 西南医科大学附属医院麻醉科 四川 泸州 646000;2 西南医科大学附属医院急诊科 四川 泸州 646000;3 西南医科大学附属医院重症医学科 四川 泸州 646000)摘要 目的:通过蛋白质组学方法鉴定脓毒症关键通路及诊断标志物。方法:选取 2019 年 1 月至 12 月西南医科大学附属医院急诊科收治的 5
2、6 例脓毒症患者(脓毒症组),另取同期 50 名健康体检志愿者(对照组)。采用随机抽样法分别选取两组中 12 名脓毒症患者和 8 名健康体检志愿者,利用非数据依赖模式(DIA)进行血清蛋白数据采集,将数据上传至 iDEP 在线平台分析脓毒症患者外周血中差异表达蛋白,进一步对这些差异蛋白进行生物信息学分析,包括主成分分析(PCA)、基因本体富集分析(GO)、通路富集分析和蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络(PPI)分析,进而筛选出脓毒症关键蛋白。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对脓毒症组、对照组进行关键蛋白表达验证分析。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析关键蛋白对脓毒症的诊断效能。结果:蛋白质组学分析共
3、鉴定出 690 个蛋白,筛选出 171 个差异表达蛋白(DEPs),其中 39 个蛋白显著下调,132 个蛋白显著上调。DEPs 富集的核心通路为补体和凝血级联通路。该条通路中的血清激肽释放酶 1(KLKB1)在脓毒症组的表达水平为(121.8055.63 ng/mL),显著高于对照组的(68.3057.11 ng/mL),差异具有统计学意义(t=4.881,P=0.000)。根据 ELISA 结果进行脓毒症诊断 ROC 曲线分析得出,KLKB1 蛋白诊断脓毒症的 AUC(95%CI)为 0.759(0.5940.923)。结论:补体和凝血级联通路为脓毒症免疫途径的重要通路,KLKB1 具有较
4、好的脓毒症诊断特性,可能是脓毒症潜在的诊断生物标志物。关键词:脓毒症;蛋白组学;补体与凝血级联通路;KLKB1中图分类号:R631.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1673-6273(2023)02-377-07Study on Complement Coagulation Cascade Pathway and Marker KLKB1in Sepsis Based on Proteomics*YU Yang1,LUO Fu-long2,HU Ying-chun2,CHEN Mu-hu2,WU Chang-xue3(1 Department of Anesthesiology,Affiliated
5、 Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou,Sichuan,646000,China;2 Department of Emergency,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou,Sichuan,646000,China;3 Department of Critical Care Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou,Sichuan,646000,China)ABSTR
6、ACT Objective:Identification of key pathways and diagnostic markers of sepsis by proteomics.Methods:56 patients withsepsis who were treated in the emergency department of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January to Decem-ber 2019 were selected as the sepsis group,another
7、50 healthy volunteers in the same period were taken as the control group,12 patientswith sepsis and 8 healthy volunteers in the two groups were selected by random sampling.Serum protein data were collected by data-in-dependent acquisition(DIA).Data were uploaded to iDEP online platform to analyze di
8、fferentially expressed proteins in peripheral bloodof patients with sepsis.Further bioinformatics analysis was carried out on these differential proteins,including principal component anal-ysis(PCA),gene ontology enrichment analysis(GO),pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction net
9、work(PPI)analysis,so as to screen the key proteins of sepsis,verify them by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and analyze the receiver operatingcharacteristic(ROC)curve of sepsis diagnosis.Results:A total of 690 proteins were identified by proteomic analysis,and 171 differen-tially expressed p
10、roteins(DEPs)were screened,of which 39 proteins were significantly down-regulated,and 132 proteins were signifi-cantly up-regulated.The core pathway of DEPs enrichment was the link between complement and coagulation cascade pathway.TheELISA results of serum kallikrein 1(KLKB1)in this pathway showed
11、that the expression level of KLKB1 in sepsis group(121.8055.63 ng/mL)was significantly higher than that in control group(68.3057.11 ng/mL),and the difference was statistically significant(t=4.881,P=0.000).According to the results of ELISA,the AUC curve of sepsis diagnosis was 0.759(95%CI:0.594-0.923
12、,P=0.002).Conclusion:Complement and coagulation cascade pathways are important immune pathways of sepsis,and KLKB1 has good diagnosticcharacteristics of sepsis,which may be a potential diagnostic biomarker of sepsis.Key words:Sepsis;Proteomics;Complement and coagulation cascade pathway;KLKB1Chinese
13、Library Classification(CLC):R631.2Document code:AArticle ID:1673-6273(2023)02-377-07*基金项目:四川省科技厅项目(2019JDPT0003;2020YFS0517)作者简介:于洋(1994-),女,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:脓毒症补体凝血级联通路,E-mail:通讯作者:伍长学(1975-),男,博士,主任医师,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向:重症医学,E-mail:(收稿日期:2022-05-23 接受日期:2022-06-19)377现代生物医学进展Progress in Modern Biomedicine
14、Vol.23NO.2JAN.2023前言脓毒症是重症监护室(Intensive Care Unit,ICU)常见重症,因起病急,病死率高,已成为国际上的主要健康问题之一1-3。目前,尽管对这种疾病具有丰富的临床经验及广泛的研究基础,但仍没有治疗的特效药物,寻找诊断标志物辅助脓毒症早期明确诊断仍具有重要价值。多项研究表明,在脓毒症发生发展中常伴有免疫状态及凝血功能的异常,可进一步发展为持续炎症-免疫抑制-分解代谢综合征(Persistent inflammation immuno-suppression catabolism syndrome,PICS)4、多器官功能障碍(Multiple or
15、gan dysfunction,MODS)5、弥散性血管内凝血(Dis-seminated intravascular coagulation,DIC)6等综合征,增加了患者不良预后的风险。虽然具体的机制仍不清楚,但诊治过程中有必要尽早关注患者的免疫及凝血状态7,8。外周血血清蛋白是人体免疫及凝血系统的重要组成部分,能有效反映患者当前免疫及凝血状态,且比较容易获得9-11。因此,本研究采用非数据依赖模式(data-independent acquisition,DIA)蛋白质组学的方法对脓毒症患者的外周血血清蛋白表达情况进行研究分析,了解脓毒症患者与健康人群外周血清蛋白分泌的差异,并寻找脓毒症
16、相关的免疫及凝血通路和潜在诊断标志物。1 对象与方法1.1 研究对象及数据采集研究对象为 2019 年 1 月至 12 月由西南医科大学附属医院急诊科入院,年龄在 16 至 75 岁的脓毒症患者,诊断依据2016 版脓毒症 sepsis 3.0 标准12。所有患者保证入院后的前24 h 就治于急诊科 ICU 以便完善诊断和临床检验,转科或出院后使用电子病历信息系统或电话进行预后跟踪,至入急诊28 天为止。排除标准:(1)既往病史存在器官衰竭;(2)既往有免疫系统疾病;(3)既往有血液系统疾病,或两周内有抗凝、抗血小板治疗;(4)妊娠妇女;(5)恶性肿瘤患者;(6)心肺复苏术后患者等;(7)不愿纳入研究的患者。所有患者均按照 国际严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克管理指南(2016 年更新)进行治疗13。脓毒症患者在入急诊重症监护室(Emergency IntensiveCare Unit,EICU)后 24 h 内采集外周静脉血 5 mL,注入 EDTA抗凝试管,存放于西南医科大学附属医院生物样本库-80冰箱。一年内共收集到 56 例符合上述标准的脓毒症患者外周静脉血(脓毒症组)。另外收集同期 5