1、Roine Magnusson/Stonei-01-LBK-861765 8/13/04 9:38 PM Page iThe Nature ofMatterThis pancake ice has formedon a river in Sweden.Pancakeice forms when surface slush,arising from snow falling onwater that is already at thefreezing temperature,freezes.The surface slush collects intorounded floating pads
2、that col-lide and separate.Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus,OH 43240-4027ISBN:0-07-861765-0Printed in the United States of America.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 027/111 09 08 07 06 05 04Copyright 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.Except as permitted unde
3、rthe United States Copyright Act,no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in anyform or by any means,or stored in a database or retrieval system,without prior written permission of the publisher.The National Geographic features were designed and developed by the National Geograph
4、ic SocietysEducation Division.Copyright National Geographic Society.The name“National Geographic Society”and the Yellow Border Rectangle are trademarks of the Society,and their use,without prior writtenpermission,is strictly prohibited.The“Science and Society”and the“Science and History”features tha
5、t appear in this book weredesigned and developed by TIME School Publishing,a division of TIME Magazine.TIME and the redborder are trademarks of Time Inc.All rights reserved.Roine Magnusson/Stonei-01-LBK-861765 8/13/04 9:38 PM Page iiCONSULTANTSJack CooperEnnis High SchoolEnnis,TXLinda McGawScience P
6、rogram Coordinator Advanced Placement Strategies,Inc.Dallas,TXMATH Michael Hopper,DEngManager of Aircraft Certification L-3 CommunicationsGreenville,TXREADING Barry BartoSpecial Education TeacherJohn F.Kennedy ElementaryManistee,MISAFETY Aileen Duc,PhDScience 8 TeacherHendrick Middle School,Plano IS
7、DPlano,TXSandra West,PhDDepartment of BiologyTexas State University-San MarcosSan Marcos,TXACTIVITY TESTERS Nerma Coats HendersonPickerington Lakeview Jr.HighSchoolPickerington,OHMary Helen Mariscal-CholkaWilliam D.Slider Middle SchoolEl Paso,TXScience Kit and BorealLaboratoriesTonawanda,NYKiiiAutho
8、rsSeries ConsultantsSharla AdamsIPC TeacherAllen High SchoolAllen,TXAnthony J.DiSipio,Jr.8th Grade ScienceOctorana Middle SchoolAtglen,PASandra EverhartDauphin/Enterprise Jr.High SchoolsEnterprise,ALGeorge GabbGreat Bridge Middle SchoolChesapeake Public SchoolsChesapeake,VAMichelle Mazeika-SimmonsWh
9、iting Middle SchoolWhiting,IN Series ReviewersEducation DivisionWashington,D.C.Patricia HortonMathematics and Science TeacherSummit Intermediate SchoolEtiwanda,CAThomas McCarthy,PhDScience Department ChairSt.Edwards SchoolVero Beach,FLEric Werwa,PhDDepartment of Physics and AstronomyOtterbein Colleg
10、eWesterville,OHDinah ZikeEducational ConsultantDinah-Might Activities,Inc.San Antonio,TXi-01-LBK-861765 8/13/04 9:38 PM Page iiiWhy do I need my science book?Have you ever been in class andnot understood all of what waspresented?Or,you understoodeverything in class,but at home,got stuck on how to an
11、swer aquestion?Maybe you just wondered when you were evergoing to use this stuff?These next few pages are designed to help you understand everything your science book can be used for.besides a paperweight!Before You ReadChapter OpenerScience is occurring all around you,and the opening photo of each
12、chapter will preview thescience you will be learning about.The ChapterPreview will give you an idea of what you will belearning about,and you can try the Launch Lab tohelp get your brain headed in the right direction.TheFoldables exercise is a fun way to keep you organized.Section OpenerChapters are
13、 divided into two to foursections.The As You Read in the margin of the firstpage of each section will let you know what is mostimportant in the section.It is divided into four parts.What Youll Learn will tell you the major topics youwill be covering.Why Its Important will remind youwhy you are study
14、ing this in the first place!TheReview Vocabulary word is a word you already know,either from your science studies or your prior knowl-edge.The New Vocabulary words are words that youneed to learn to understand this section.These wordswill be in boldfaced print and highlighted in thesection.Make a no
15、te to yourself to recognize thesewords as you are reading the section.(bkgd)John Evans,(inset)Roine Magnusson/Stonei-01-LBK-861765 8/13/04 9:38 PM Page ivAs You ReadHeadingsEach section has a titlein large red letters,and is furtherdivided into blue titles andsmall red titles at the begin-nings of s
16、ome paragraphs.To help you study,make anoutline of the headings andsubheadings.MarginsIn the margins ofyour text,you will find many helpfulresources.The Science Online exercises andIntegrate activities help you explore the topicsyou are studying.MiniLabs reinforce the sci-ence concepts you have learned.Building SkillsYou also will find anApplying Math or Applying Science activityin each chapter.This gives you extra prac-tice using your new knowledge,and helpsprepare you for standardized tests.St
