1、Sciences(in Chinese),47(3):893-906.doi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2204.21208Xuelong,et al.2023.Evaluation of Six Land Surface Evapotranspiration Products over the Tibetan PlateauJ.Chinese Journal of AtmosphericYUANLing,MAYaoming,CHEN袁令，马耀明，陈学龙，等.2 0 2 3.青藏高原六套陆面蒸散发产品的评估.大气科学，47(3)：8 93-90 6.May2023202
2、3年5月Chinese1CSciencesVol.47 No.3第47 卷第3期学科青藏高原六套陆面蒸散发产品的评估袁令1.4马耀明1,2,3,4,5陈学龙1,2王玉阳1,41中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室地气作用与气候效应团队，北京10 0 10 12中国科学院青藏高原研究所环境变化与地表过程重点实验室，北京10 0 10 13中国一巴基斯坦地球科学研究中心，伊斯兰堡4532 0,巴基斯坦4中国科学院大学，北京10 0 0 495兰州大学，兰州7 30 0 0 0摘要鉴于基于卫星遥感和地面观测开发出的不同时空分辨率蒸散发（ET）产品在青藏高原（TP）仍存在不
3、确定性，从而限制了这些产品在水文气象和气候评估方面的应用。本文基于涡动观测的ET对六种ET产品（PM L、EB-ET _V2、G L EA M、G L D A S、ERA 5_L a n d 和MOD16）进行评估并比较各产品之间的差异，对TP区域ET产品不确定性做了分析。结果表明：（1）观测值与对应像元ET值之间的年平均态和季节循环存在较好的相关性、一致性。GLEAM产品与观测值吻合度较高并拥有适用性；MOD16产品在大部分站点性能较差。（2）在季节性变化方面，春季ERA5_Land产品与观测的变化较为一致；夏季和冬季GLEAM产品与观测的变化更为接近，而EB-ET_V2产品在秋季表现更有优
4、势。（3）在空间上，GLEAM、EB-ET _V2 产品和GLDAS产品存在更高的相关性（相关系数R0.88）和一致性（一致性指数IOA0.89）；各产品季节时空分布有较大的差异，尤其是春季；相对其他产品，MOD16产品在大部分区域夏季低估且冬季高估。（4）除MOD16外的各产品年平均ET大小相差较大，多年平均的高原ET大小排序为ERA5_Land（40 1.46 mma ）PM L（334.37 mma）G L EA M（2 98.46 mma ）EB-ET _V2（2 7 1.39mma ）G L D A S（2 49.6 7 mma )），六套产品估算的青藏高原的总体年蒸发量为330.5
5、9mma。青藏高原不同蒸发产品的比较有助于对高原蒸发的动态变化有更深入的了解，可以为青藏高原水资源评估和区域水管理提供参考。关键词青藏高原陆面蒸散发产品涡动相关观测文章编号10 0 6-98 95(2 0 2 3)0 3-0 8 93-14中图分类号号P426文献标识码马Adoi:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2204.21208Evaluation of Six Land Surface Evapotranspiration Productsover the Tibetan PlateauCHEN Xuelong2,and WANG Yuyang1,2,3,4,5YUAN
6、 Lingl4,MA Yaoming1,41 Land-Atmosphere Interaction and Its Climatic Efects Group,State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources andEnvironment(TPESRE),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 1001012 State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth Syste
7、m,Resources and Environment(TPESRE),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Beijing 1001013China-PakistanGeoscienceResearchCenter,Islamabad 45320,Pakistan收稿日期2021-11-08：网络预出版日期月2 0 2 2-0 6-2 1作者简介袁令，1994年出生，男，博士研究生，主要从事大气边界层观测与卫星遥感应用研究。E-mail:通讯作者马耀明，E-mail:资助项目国家自然科学基金项目42
8、2 30 6 10、4197 50 0 9，科技部第二次青藏高原科学考察项目2 0 19QZKK0103Funded byy National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 42230610,41975009),Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(Grant 2019QZKK0103)894Vol.47ChinesenaericSciences人科47卷学4 University of Chinese Academy of Scien
9、ces,Beijing 1000495Lanzhou University,Lanzhou730000Abstract Uncertainties in the evapotranspiration(ET)products used in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)region were determinedbased on the data from satellite remote sensing and observations having different spatial and temporal resolutions,limitingtheir utilit
10、y for hydrometeorological and climate assessment.Six ET(PML,EB-ET_V2,GLEAM,GLDAS,ERA5_Land,and MOD16)products were evaluated based on eddy observations,and the differences between the products werecompared.Moreover,the uncertainties in ET products in the TP region were analyzed.The results of the an
11、alysis are asfollows:(1)A good correlation and consistency exist in the mean state and seasonal cycle between the observed and ETvalues of the corresponding pixel.Moreover,GLEAM product exhibits a high degree of agreement with the observedvalues and has applicability,and MOD16 product exhibits poor
12、performance at most sites.(2)In terms of seasonalchanges,ERA5_ Land product values are highly consistent with the observed changes during spring,GLEAM productvalues are nearly consistent with the observed changes during summer and winter,and EB-ET_V2 product values arehighly consistent with observed
13、 values during autumn.(3)Spatially,GLEAM product has higher correlation(thecorrelation coefficient R 0.88)and consistency(index of agreement IOA 0.89)compared to those of EB-ET_V2product and GLDAS product.Substantial differences exist in the temporal and spatial distribution of various productsdurin
14、g different seasons,especially during spring.Compared with other products,MOD16 product is underestimated insummer and overestimated in winter in most regions.(4)The annual average ET for each product except for MOD16product is considerably different.The annual average ET values of the remaining fiv
15、e products over multiple yearsarranged in descending order are as follows:ERA5_Land product(401.46 mm a)PML product(334.37 mma)GLEAM product(298.46 mm al)EB-ET_V2 product(271.39 mm a)GLDAS product(249.67 mm al).Thetotal annual evaporation in the TP region is 330.59 mm a.The assessment results provid
16、e a detailed understanding of thequality and dynamics of ET products in the TP region,which can serve as reference data for regional water managementand water resource assessment in the TP region.KeywordsTibetan Plateau,Land surface evapotranspiration products,Eddy correlation observation1引言关于气候异常和预测能力发展的研究很大程度上依赖于水热循环可用参考数据的时间序列（M i c h e l e t a l.，2 0 16）。蒸散发（ET）作为水热平衡的重要组成部分，被描述为水从地球表面进入大气的过程，其可以直接影响区域和全球水文过程。准确、可靠的ET信息是许多水文气象应用（如，水资源管理、灌溉计划、作物产量估算和干旱预测等）的先决条件（Lietal.，2 0 18）。然而，因为ET变化受土壤水分供
