1、第 20 卷 第 2 期2023 年 2 月铁道科学与工程学报Journal of Railway Science and EngineeringVolume 20 Number 2February 2023全风化千枚岩复合改良土试验研究及路基沉降数值分析赵秀绍1,2,饶江龙1,2,陈子溪1,2,王梓尧1,2,赵林浩1,2,程安1,2,付智涛1,2(1.华东交通大学 江西省地下空间技术开发工程研究中心,江西 南昌 330013;2.华东交通大学 轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,江西 南昌 330013)摘要:为了充分利用江西北部地区广泛分布的千枚岩土和红黏土,设计红黏土掺和比()
2、分别为0,20%,40%,60%和100%,水泥掺量()分别为0,3%和5%的组合改良方案,开展水泥、红黏土复合改良千枚岩土的固结试验与直剪试验研究,并基于试验数据建立数值模型,分析压实路基的工后沉降。固结试验表明:复合改良土的压缩模量(Es)随的增大近似线性增大,从0增长至3%时Es增长迅速,而从3%增长至5%时Es增长幅度较小;当=40%时,水泥掺量范围为03%和3%5%时,Es相对水泥掺量为0时分别增长了116.6%和4.6%,因此水泥建议掺量为3%。直剪试验表明:黏聚力(c)随着的增大而大幅增大,内摩擦角()随着的增大呈现出先增大后减小的规律;水泥掺量增加对抗剪强度指标均有提高作用,但
3、提高幅度远远小于红黏土的作用。水泥与红黏土改良千枚岩土对比表明:水泥对千枚岩土的Es增长效果优于红黏土,红黏土对千枚岩土抗剪强度指标的提高效果优于水泥。有限元分析表明:路基沉降量随的增大而减小,变化规律可以用二次函数表示;路基沉降在水泥掺量03%范围内降低显著,在水泥掺量3%5%范围内降低幅度较小;当=60%时,水泥掺量范围为03%和3%5%时,路基沉降量相对水泥掺量为0时分别降低了108.2%和4.8%。根据高速铁路设计规范的沉降控制要求,建议改良方案为红黏土掺和比40%60%,水泥掺量为3%的组合,此时对应的工后沉降量分别为15.0 mm和13.4 mm。关键词:路基工程;特殊土;复合改良
4、;路基沉降;优化设计中图分类号:U213.1 文献标志码:A 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)文章编号:1672-7029(2023)02-0554-11Experimental study on fully weathered phyllite composite improved soil and numerical analysis of subgrade settlementZHAO Xiushao1,2,RAO Jianglong1,2,CHEN Zixi1,2,WANG Ziyao1,2,ZHAO Linhao1,2,CHENG An1,2,FU Zhitao1,2(1.En
5、gineering Research and Development Centre for Underground Technology of Jiangxi Province,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)Abstract:I
6、n order to make full use of phyllite soil and red clay which are widely distributed in the northern part 收稿日期:2022-02-24基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52068027,51668018,51768021);江西省交通运输厅科技项目(2021Z0004)通信作者:赵秀绍(1978-),男,河南鹤壁人,教授,博士,从事铁道工程及岩土工程研究;E-mail:DOI:10.19713/ki.43-1423/u.T20220326第 2 期赵秀绍,等:全风化千枚岩复合改良土试验研
7、究及路基沉降数值分析of Jiangxi Province,China,the combined improvement schemes were designed,in which red clay blending ratios()were 0,20%,40%,60%and 100%,and cement content()were 0,3%and 5%,respectively.The consolidation test and direct shear test of composite improved soils were carried out.Based on the tes
8、t data,a numerical model was established to analyze the post-construction settlement of compacted subgrade.The consolidation tests show that the compressive modulus(Es)of the composite improved soil increases approximately linearly with the increase of.Es increases rapidly when increases from 0 to 3
9、%,while Es increases relatively small when increases from 3%to 5%.Es increases by 116.6%and 4.6%respectively relative to the cement content of 0 when the improvement scheme is“=40%+=03%and=3%5%”,so the recommended cement content is 3%.The direct shear test shows that with the increase of,the cohesiv
10、e(c)increases rapidly and the internal friction angle()increase initially and decrease subsequently.The increase of cement content has improved the shear strength indices,but the improvement is much smaller than the effect of red clay.The comparison between cement and red clay improved phyllite show
11、s that cement is more effective in increasing Es of phyllite than red clay,and red clay is more effective in improving shear strength indexes of phyllite than cement.Finite element analysis shows that the post-construction settlement of the subgrade decreases with the increase of and the change law
12、can be expressed as a quadratic function.Subgrade post-construction settlement decreases significantly in the range of cement content of 03%,and decrease is smaller in the range of cement content of 3%5%.While=60%,the subgrade settlement is reduced by 108.2%and 4.8%relative to the cement content of
13、0 when the cement content ranges from 0 to 3%and 3%to 5%,respectively.According to the settlement control requirements of the code for design of high-speed railway,it is suggested that the improvement scheme is a combination of red clay blending ratio of 40%to 60%and cement content of 3%,and the cor
14、responding post-construction settlement is 15.0 mm and 13.4 mm respectively.Key words:subgrade engineering;special soil;composite improvement;subgrade settlement;optimal design 随着高铁建设的高速发展,铁路路基填料的需求越来越大,外部运输材料的成本极高,就地取材往往具有较好的经济效益。红黏土作为一种典型的特殊土,在中国分布广泛,且在江西省低山、丘陵地区分布十分普遍,总体呈厚层状分布,具有高天然含水率、高液限、高孔隙比、高
15、强度,同时,压缩性低、渗透性低、膨胀性低,即“四高三低”的特点12。千枚岩土常表现为强度低,黏聚力低,易粉化等特性,无法作为路基填料直接使用35。因此,加入水泥复合改良红黏土千枚岩土混合土对 2种特殊土的充分利用具有重要意义。路基的强度与施工后的沉降变形问题一直是研究的热点,赵秀绍等6将千枚岩土与红黏土混合后进行相互改良,液限可降低至40%以下,可以满足路基设计规范对液限的控制要求;李忠泉7利用水泥对风化千枚岩进行改良,提高千枚岩的力学强度与水稳定性;魏佩顺8采用水泥改良千枚岩,路用性能得到提高;毛雪松等9研究千枚岩填筑路基在长期应力作用下产生的蠕变变形特性;卢世杰等10采用水泥改良中风化、强
16、风化千枚岩,结果表明改良土可适用于路基各结构层。JOEL等11对尼日利亚红黏土掺加了由不同比例的干砂和石灰组成的混合改良剂,增强了红黏土作为柔性路面材料的水稳性;OMOTOSHO等12对尼日尔三角洲红黏土进行了砂与水泥混合改良试验,发现存在最佳掺砂比(OSC)并建立了一个模型对2种改良剂不同含量配比对改良效果的影响进行预测;胡永强等13利用动三轴试验发现密实度对红黏土路基强度的影响远大于路基红黏土含水量的影响;谈云志等1415发现红黏土具有很好的水敏性和持水性,是预防路基土体开裂和失稳的基础。YUAN等16使用湿压试验方法控制含水量,保证路基的强度和稳定性;YANG等17修正沪广高速铁路红黏土区域路基沉降量,提高计算精度;李健18建立改良555铁 道 科 学 与 工 程 学 报2023 年 2月千枚岩填料路基长期沉降计算模型,发现能有效减小车辆荷载的影响深度,减小路基沉降。综上所述,虽然国内外固化剂单独改良千枚岩土与红黏土作为路基填料的研究较多,但同时利用2种特殊土作为路基填料的研究还较少。ZHAO等19研究表明千枚岩土、红黏土组成的混合土从承载力分析,可以满足路基要求,但是否满足高速