1、原发性高血压(EHP)是一种原因不明,以血压持续增高为主要特点的全身性疾病,伴或不伴有心血管危险因素,高血压的持续进展会导致左室重构,最终发生心力衰竭 1。1级EHP患者往往起病隐匿,临床症状不显著,容易被忽视。当高血压患者与肥胖并存时,心血管疾病的发生率和病死率明显增高 2,早期全面评估此类患者心肌损害有重要临床意义。既往研究主要关注高Left ventricular function in patients with grade 1 primary hypertension complicated withoverweight and obesity was evaluated by ec
2、hocardiographyFAN Weibo,ZHANG Qiang,LI WeiDepartment of Ultrasound,Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434020,China摘要:目的 应用超声心动图评估1级原发性高血压合并超重肥胖患者的左室功能。方法 选取我院确诊为1级原发性高血压患者60例作为病例组,其中体质量指数正常组(病例A组)35例、合并超重肥胖组(病例B组)25例。另选取60例健康体检者作为对照组。比较3组一般临床资料、常规超声参数(室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室射血分数、左室心
3、肌功能Tei指数)、左室整体长轴应变以及心肌做功参数(整体做功指数、整体做功效率、整体有用功、整体无用功)的差异。结果 3组组间比较室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室射血分数差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,病例A组及病例B组Tei指数增高,左室整体长轴应变减低(P0.05)。与对照组比较,病例A组心率及心肌做功参数整体做功指数、整体有用功、整体无用功、整体做功效率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),病例B组心率及整体无用功增高,整体做功效率减低(P0.05)。结论 1级原发性高血压合并超重肥胖患者左室整体功能及左室纵向应变减低,且左室心肌整体无用功增加,心肌做功效率减低。超声心动图技术
4、多种参数联合运用能够更加客观、全面评价1级原发性高血压合并超重肥胖患者的左室功能情况。关键词:超声心动图;左室功能;1级原发性高血压;超重肥胖Abstract:Objective To assess left ventricular function in patients with grade 1 essential hypertension combined withoverweight and obesity through echocardiographic techniques.Methods Sixty patients diagnosed with grade 1 essenti
5、alhypertension in our hospital were classified as the case group,including 35 hypertensives in the group with normal BMI(caseA group)and 25 hypertensives in the group with combined overweight and obesity(case B group).Fifty healthy people wereselected as the control group.The conventional ultrasound
6、 indices:interventricular septal thickness,left ventricular posteriorwall thickness,left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular myocardial function Tei index,overall left ventricular globallongitudinal strain,and myocardial work done indices,including global work index,global constructive wo
7、rk,global wastedwork and global work efficiency were compared among the three groups.Results There were no significant differences ininterventricular septal thickness,left ventricular posterior wall thickness and left ventricular ejection fraction among threegroups(P0.05).Compared with the control g
8、roup,the Tei index increased and global longitudinal strain decreased(P0.05).Compared with the control group,there were no significantdifferences in the heart rate and myocardial work parameters global work index,global constructive work,global wasted workand global work efficiency in case group A(P
9、0.05).The heart rate and global wasted work of case B increased,while theglobal work efficiency decreased(P0.05).Conclusion In patients with grade 1 essential hypertension combined with overweight and obesepatients,the global left ventricular function and global longitudinal strain was decreased,glo
10、bal wasted work was increased,and global work efficiency was reduced.The combined application of multiple parameters of echocardiography can moreobjectively and comprehensively evaluate left ventricular function in patients with grade 1 essential hypertension complicatedwith overweight and obesity.K
11、eywords:echocardiography;left ventricular function;grade 1 essential hypertension;overweight obesity超声心动图评估超声心动图评估1 1级原发型高血压合并超重肥胖患者的左室级原发型高血压合并超重肥胖患者的左室功功能能范伟博,张 强,李 蔚长江大学附属荆州医院超声科,湖北 荆州 434020收稿日期:2023-01-18基金项目:湖北省卫生计生委科研项目(WJ2018H212)作者简介:范伟博,主治医师,E-mail:通信作者:张 强,硕士,副主任医师,硕士生导师,E-mail:分子影像学杂志,20
12、23,46(4):697-700doi 10.12122/j.issn.1674-4500.2023.04.21 697血压或超重肥胖单一因素对左室功能的影响 3-4,少有研究关注两者并存时患者左室功能改变。一项应用二维斑点追踪技术在评估老年高血压合并超重肥胖患者左室心肌力学的研究中,观察到此类患者整体长轴应变(GLS)较左室射血分数(LVEF)更早出现障碍 5,但其结果受后负荷影响 6。本研究应用无创心肌做功技术,通过整合后负荷与左室应变更加客观评估1级EHP合并超重肥胖患者的左室功能。1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料依据 国际高血压学会 2020国际高血压实践指南高血压分级标准 7,1级高血
13、压定义为非同日多次测量,收缩压140159 mmHg和/或舒张压9099 mmHg。根据 中国成人肥胖症防治专家组共识 8 BMI分级标准,BMI 正常:18 kg/m2BMI24 kg/m2,超重肥胖:BMI24 kg/m2。选取2021年7月2022年9月于我院诊断为1级EHP患者60例作为病例组,其中BMI正常35例患者作为病例A组,合并超重肥胖25例患者作为病例B组。纳入标准:1级EHP患者;BMI18 kg/m2;首次就诊且未经治疗;临床病史资料完整。排除标准:继发性高血压;经询问病史、体格检查、实验室检查、心电图、超声心动图等检查排除先天性心脏病、冠心病、心律失常、瓣膜病、心力衰竭
14、等;无法配合检查者。另选同期年龄一致、血压及BMI正常的健康体检者60例作为对照组。本研究经医院伦理委员会批准同意,所有患者均对本研究知情同意。与对照组比较,病例组收缩压及舒张压均增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,病例A组BMI、心率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),病例B组BMI及心率增高且高于病例A组(P0.05,表1)。表1 患者一般资料比较Tab.1 Comparison of general clinical data of patients(MeanSD)aP0.05 vs control group;bP0.05 vs case A group.Case A gr
15、oup:group with normal BMI;Case B group:group with combinedoverweight and obesity.GroupControl groupCaseAgroupCase B groupAge(years)528.5528.8538.6BMI(kg/m2)22.82.023.91.827.62.5abSystolic pressure(mmHg)119.310.4149.65.9a151.66.1aDiastolic pressure(mmHg)78.5.45.292.45.5a93.26.4aHeart rate(times/min)7
16、2.17.674.68.588.66.4ab1.2 仪器与方法1.2.1 仪器 采用GE vivid E95超声诊断仪,成人心脏探头,频率1.73.3 MHz,配有EchPac203工作站。1.2.2 方法及图像处理 被检者左侧卧位,静息状态下,同步连接心电图,胸骨旁左室长轴切面M型超声模式下测量左室壁厚度,在组织多普勒显像模式下,取心尖两腔心及心尖四腔心切面,获得左室侧壁、前壁、下壁及后间隔的二尖瓣环运动频谱图像,计算Tei指数,取其平均值;留存心尖四腔心、心尖三腔心及心尖两腔心3个心动周期的动态灰阶图像,用Simpson法获取LVEF,并将图像导入EchPac203工作站中获得左室GLS,输入受试者肱动脉血压后,进入自动功能成像模式分析心肌做功,获得心肌做功各项参数,包括整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有用功(GCW)、整体无用功(GWW)、整体做功效率(GWE)。GWI为二尖瓣关闭开始到二尖瓣开放结束时间段内左室压力应变环面积内的总做工量;GCW为收缩期缩短与舒张期延长心肌所做的功的之和;GWW是指收缩期心肌延长与舒张期心肌缩短所做的功之和;GWE为GCW/(GCW+GWW)。1.3