1、 第2讲 寻找规律一、知识要点按照一定次序排列起来的一列数,叫做数列。如自然数列:1,2,3,4,双数列:2,4,6,8,我们研究数列,目的就是为了发现数列中数排列的规律,并依据这个规律来填写空缺的数。按照一定的顺序排列的一列数,只要从连续的几个数中找到规律,那么就可以知道其余所有的数。寻找数列的排列规律,除了从相邻两数的和、差考虑,有时还要从积、商考虑。善于发现数列的规律是填数的关键。二、精讲精练【例题1】在括号内填上合适的数。(1)3,6,9,12,( ),( )(2)1,2,4,7,11,( ),( )(3)2,6,18,54,( ),( )举一反三1: 1.在下面的括号里填上合适的数。
2、(1)2,4,6,8,10,( ),( )(2)1,2,5,10,17,( ),( )2.按规律填数。(1)2,8,32,128,( ),( )(2)1,5,25,125,( ),( )3.先找规律再填数。12,1,10,1,8,1,( ),( )【例题2】先找出规律,再在括号里填上合适的数。(1)15,2,12,2,9,2,( ),( )(2)21,4,18,5,15,6,( ),( )(3)3,4,7,3,4,10,3,4,13,( ),( ),( )举一反三2:1.按规律填数。(1)2,1,4,1,6,1,( ),( )(2)3,2,9,2,27,2,( ),( )2.在括号里填上适当的
3、数。(1)18,3,15,4,12,5,( ),( )(2)1,15,3,13,5,11,( ),( )3.找规律填数。(1)4,7,8,4,6,13,4,5,18,( ),( ),( )(2)1,2,3,2,4,6,3,8,9,( ),( ),( )【例题3】先找出规律,再在括号里填上合适的数。(1)2,5,14,41,( ) (2)252,124,60,28,( )(3)1,2,5,13,34,( ) (4)1,4,9,16,25,36,( )练习3:1.按规律填数。(1)2,3,5,9,17,( ),( ) (2)2,4,10,28,82,( ),( )2.按规律填数。(1)5,9,6,
4、10,7,( ),( ) (2)2,3,6,18,( )3.按规律填数。6,12,20,30,42,( )【例题4】根据前面图形里的数的排列规律,在空白处填入适当的数。510914712111691413(1)9327124363612(3)练习4:找出下列图形中各数的排列规律,在空缺处填上适当的数。37598121014121614(1)5151272118927(3)【例题5】按规律填数。(1)187,286,385,( ),( )23312541412346433524(2)练习5:根据规律,在空格内填数。(1)198,297,396,( ),( )3254386421452665325
5、7(2)37253895234527753425(3)三、课后作业1、仔细观察找出规律,再填数。(1)12,1,10,1,8,1,( ),( ),( )(2)3,5,10,12,17,( ),( ),( )(3)3,2,9,2,27,2,( ),( ),( )(4)1,2,2,4,3,8,4,16,5,( ),( ),( )(5)4,24,6,36,8,54,( ),( ),( )2、观察下面各数列的规律,然后在括号里填上适当的数。(1)1,0,2,5,3,10,4,15,( ),( ),( )(2)1,6,5,10,9,14,13,( ),( ),( )(3)1,2,2,6,3,18,4,54,( ),( )(4)7,14,10,12,14,9,19,5,( ),( )(5)3,1,6,2,12,3,24,4,( ),( ),( )(6)2,3,4,5,8,7,16,9,( ),( )3、先找出规律,在括号内填上适当的数。(1)5,9,17,33,65,( ),( ),( )(2)1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,( ),( ),89(3)2,3,5,9,( ),33,65.(4)1,3,7,15,( ),63,127(5)1,4,9,16,25,( ),( ),64,815