1、广西水利水电 GUANGXI WATER RESOURCES&HYDROPOWER ENGINEERING 2023(1)龙州水文站属国家重要水文站,是珠江流域西江水系左江上游的主要控制水文站,洪水期水中有大量的木头、竹子等漂浮物及泥沙影响,常规接触式的测验方法危险性高、误差大,为保障人员及设备的安全,提高测验精度,因此开展电波流速仪等非接触式测验方法的比测率定显得十分重要,依靠龙州水文站河段现有的设施等便利条件,开展Stalker II SVR型斯德克电波流速仪流量测验,同时与常规流速仪、定点式ADCP在线监测的流量进行对比,率定出该设备在选定断面相关的系数,为超标准洪水流量应急测验做好充足
2、的准备。1测站情况龙州水文站始建于清末光绪二十三年(公元1897年),位于崇左市龙州县左江河段右岸,集水面积12 465 km2,其中85%流域面积在越南。水位分级为:低水(108.2 m以下)、中水(108.2115.2 m)、高水(115.2 m以上)。测站河段顺直、稳定,测验断面沿程变化均匀,河段内无暗礁、深潭、跌水等阻碍正常水流;断面形状基本呈型,左岸为岩石,河底为沙石,右岸为混凝土,水流较集中,无分流、岔流、回流、死水等现象发生,水流较平稳,无急剧的涌浪、漩涡。电波流速仪施测断面位于基本水尺断面上游1.1 km处(龙州大桥上游约20 m),桥面高程约130.48130.99 m,龙州
3、站最高实测水位126.09 m,最低水位约104.06 m,最高最低水位时电波流速仪的俯角在3045之间,符合仪器要求。电波流速仪断面共设置7条垂线,起点距分别为60.0、80.0、100、115、140、160、180 m。电波流速仪测流断面见图1,垂线布设见图2。图1龙州水文站电波流速仪测流断面图2比测方法采用 Stalker II SVR 型电波流速仪与 ChannelMaster600型定点式水平声学ADCP及常规的LS25-1型转子式流速仪同时施测进行对比分析,StalkerII SVR型斯德克电波流速仪,测速范围0.2018.00m/s,测速精度0.03 m/s。定点式ADCP在龙
4、州站已通过比测率定,且每年采用走航式ADCP及常规转子式流速仪进行校测,成果可靠。Stalker II SVR型电波流速仪测验时长3060s,采用稳定后读数。共施测7条垂线的水面流速,用面积包围法计算断面虚流量,与常规流速仪法及Stalker II SVR型电波流速仪在龙州水文站的应用姚在谦,覃壮豪,李远平(崇左水文中心,广西崇左532200)摘要龙州水文站出现洪水时,水中漂浮着大量的竹子和木头等漂浮物,给常规的缆道流速仪、走航式ADCP等测验方法带来了极大危险和困难,开展非接触式电波流速仪流量测验,是保障人员及设备安全的重要途径,本文通过开展Stalker II SVR型电波流速仪施测的虚流
5、量与常规缆道流速仪、定点式ADCP在线监测的流量进行对比,率定出该设备在龙州水文站桥测断面的相关系数。关键词Stalker II SVR;电波流速仪;流量测验;比测率定;龙州水文站中图分类号P335.1文献标识码B文章编号1003-1510(2023)01-0026-04收稿日期2022-12-12作者简介姚在谦(1984),男,广西龙州人,龙州水文中心工作,助理工程师,主要从事水文水资源监测与管理工作。新技术研究与应用 26DOI:10.16014/ki.1003-1510.2023.01.025广西水利水电 GUANGXI WATER RESOURCES&HYDROPOWER ENGINE
6、ERING 2023(1)定点式ADCP在线测流系统实测流量数据进行对比,建立相关关系,率定出系数值。3比测情况2020年配备斯德克手持电波流速仪以来,采用常规流速仪及定点式ADCP与其比测44次(表1中第1523号、第40号实测流量为采用常规转子式流速仪进行比测,其余采用定点式ADCP在线测流系统实测流量进行比测)。因电波流速仪测流断面位于基本水尺断面上游1.1 km,水位存在落差,比测时采用全站仪施测电波流速仪桥测断面的测时水位,基本水尺断面水位变幅108.01114.37 m,电波流速仪测断面水位变幅108.09114.78 m,流量变幅范围为73.72910 m3/s,通过表1所反推的
7、水面流速系数得知,水位级达到110.25 m以上的系数比较稳定,共有34份,其中已包含有涨水面施测,也有退水面施测,有在晴天施测,也有在阴雨天施测,有白天施测,也有夜间施测,所选数据具有代表性,合理可靠,呈直线关系,趋势线相关公式y=1.087 x,按保留2位小数的要求,k=1.09,y为断面相应流量,x 为电波流速仪虚流量,R2=0.9 884,说明水位级110.25114.78 m比测数据相关关系显著(见图3)。表1龙州水文站流量比测成果表序 号1234567891011121314151617181920平均施测时间2021-03-18 10:172021-03-18 10:412021
8、-03-18 11:152022-03-24 17:322022-03-24 17:032022-03-24 17:142020-10-18 10:332020-10-18 10:452020-10-18 10:582020-10-18 10:202021-10-13 09:382021-10-13 09:212020-10-17 21:102020-10-17 20:562022-05-13 17:352022-05-13 17:112022-05-13 17:242022-05-13 17:502022-06-01 09:522022-06-01 09:40电波测流断面平均水位/m108.
9、09108.09108.10109.46109.46109.46109.96109.95109.95109.97110.25110.27111.67111.70112.00112.00112.00112.00112.20112.26平均虚流速/(m/s)0.490.480.460.590.680.620.410.40.460.410.470.450.80.810.870.890.920.891.061.08虚流量/(m3/s)37837336259067861644742949843952351110901100123012701310127015401580实测流量(在线ADCP、常规流速仪
10、施测)/(m3/s)93.984.073.774678775756958059856053655811301140143014301430143016401670反推的水面系数0.250.230.201.261.161.231.271.351.201.281.021.091.041.041.161.131.091.131.061.06图2龙州水文站电波流速仪测流垂线布设图27姚在谦,覃壮豪,李远平:Stalker II SVR型电波流速仪在龙州水文站的应用2122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243442022-06-01 09:242022-0
11、6-01 09:062020-10-16 16:362020-10-17 11:152020-10-17 10:592020-10-17 10:462020-10-17 10:342020-10-16 19:372020-10-16 19:512020-10-16 20:052020-10-16 20:192022-05-11 20:102022-05-11 19:562022-05-11 19:442022-05-11 19:332022-05-11 19:212022-05-11 19:092022-05-11 10:072022-05-11 11:082022-05-11 10:5620
12、22-05-11 11:192022-05-11 11:312022-05-11 12:012022-05-11 12:16112.30112.33112.86113.25113.32113.40113.52113.57113.66113.69113.70114.02114.05114.08114.10114.12114.13114.72114.75114.75114.75114.76114.78114.781.081.050.910.890.880.920.991.191.091.161.111.171.21.271.341.231.21.431.331.41.341.341.361.311
13、590154014201450145015201660200018601970189020602120225023902190213026802510265025302530257024701690170014701530158015601760207019802050202023902440239025602490240028702780291027702830280028401.061.101.041.061.091.031.061.041.061.041.071.161.151.061.071.141.131.071.111.101.091.121.091.15图3电波流速仪虚流量与常规
14、流速仪实测流量关系图4检验评定通过公式Q计算流量=1.09 Q电波流速仪虚流量,计算出相应的断面流量,再与在线ADCP、常规流速仪测量断面流量进行关系曲线检验。检验表见表2(水位低于110.00 m的测点关系不显著,因此表1中序号为第110号不参加检验)。检验结果为系统误差0.3小于1%,随机不确定度7.6小于8%,均达到 水文资料整编规范(SL 247-2020)的要求。表2龙州水文站电波流速仪计算流量与常规实测流量关系曲线检验表序号123456789101112131415号数111213141516171819202122232425水位/m110.2527.00111.6770.001
15、12.0000020.0026.0030.0033.0086.00113.2532.00Q电波计算流是/(m3/s)5695551180120013401380142013801670172017301670154015801580Q在线及常规/(m3/s)5365581130114014301430143014301640167016901700147015301580偏差P/%6.16-0.544.425.26-6.29-3.50-0.70-3.501.832.992.37-1.764.763.270.00P(i)-P(平)5.90-0.804.165.00-6.55-3.76-0.96-
16、3.761.572.732.11-2.024.503.01-0.26P(i)-P(平)234.810.6417.3125.0042.9014.140.9214.142.467.454.454.0820.259.060.0728广西水利水电 GUANGXI WATER RESOURCES&HYDROPOWER ENGINEERING 2023(1)Application of Stalker II SVR type electric wave flow meter atLongzhou Hydrological StationYAO Zai-qian,QIN Zhuang-hao,LI Yuan-ping(Hydrology Center of Chongzuo City,Chongzuo 532200,China)Abstract:When the flood occurs at Longzhou Hydrological Station,a lot of floating objectives such as bamboo andwood will be seen floating