2014 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题.zip

1/1 电子科技大学电子科技大学 2014 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 考试科目：考试科目：111 单独考试思想政治理论单独考试思想政治理论 注：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。注：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。一、简答题（每小题一、简答题（每小题 12 分，共分，共 60 分）分）1.党的十八大报告，对科学发展观是怎样概括的？2.什么是中国特色社会主义道路、中国特色社会主义理论体系和中国特色社会主义制度？三者是什么关系？3.十八大报告对我国国情的判断提出了哪三个“没有变”？你如何认识这三个“没有变”。4.到 2020 年，我国将全面建成小康社会，其目标是什么？5.党在十八大报告中提出“千方百计增加农民收入”，其具体措施有哪些？二、论述题（二、论述题（40 分）分）党的十八届三中全会做出了“关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定”，结合你的学习与工作实际，谈谈你对中央深化改革的认识和期望。共 11 页 第 1 页 电子科技大学电子科技大学 2014 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 考试科目：考试科目：211 翻译硕士英语翻译硕士英语 注：无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。注：无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上均无效。Part I Grammar&Vocabulary(1x30=30 points)There are thirty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A),B),C)and D).Please choose the correct answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers checks,which provide a secure _to carrying your money in cash.A)substitute B)selection C)preference D)alternative 2.We should maintain our cultural _,which represents the deep memory of our nation.A)legacy B)tendency C)agency D)fancy 3.The mountain top was _ visible in the misty summer morning.A)blankly B)dimly C)obscurely D)blurredly 4.The two countries have _ friendly relations for many years.A)retained B)sustained C)maintained D)remained 5.Hard work can _ your success in learning a foreign language.A)assure B)promise C)warrant D)guarantee 6.Passengers have to pay _ charges for their extra luggage.A)respective B)confidential C)additional D)sufficient 7.The company expanded its business into Europe,hoping to _ its market share.A)accelerate B)encourage C)urge D)boost 8.The _ from Africas booming oil sales rarely reaches the people who live where the oil is produced.A)revenue B)currency C)tariff D)exchange 共 11 页 第 2 页 9.Harnessing the wind to _ electricity dates back to 1890.A)manufacture B)generate C)grow D)yield 10.Luckily,there were no secondary infections and both of the patients_.A)lived B)revived C)survived D)existed 11.It made him uncomfortable to _ his plan and think of something new.A)switch B)transfer C)shift D)alter 12.Nuclear weapons are not the only explosive force _ civilization.A)threatening B)frightening C)strengthening D)brightening 13.Study can help us look into the future and _ confused thinking.A)notify B)clarify C)simplify D)justify 14.Those who _ traffic regulations should be punished.A)abuse B)rotate C)violate D)degrade 15.Computers are employed to process census data and to _ such financial business as collecting taxes.A)falsify B)fabricate C)fortify D)facilitate 16.In order to boost morale,businesses try every effort to find ways to _ both individual and team performance.A)celebrate B)acclaim C)reward D)award 17.Fertilizer,natural substance or mixture is used to _ soil so as to promote plant growth.A)enact B)enlarge C)enclose D)enrich 18.The president says that we are looking for ways to _ our competitors.A)outperform B)outweigh C)outgrow D)outcry 19.There is a strong _ that the matter will soon be settled.A)livelihood B)likelihood C)singlehood D)manhood 20.The _ young hopefuls were pushed aside in the scramble for jobs.A)premature B)respected C)inexperienced D)distinguished 21._ before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful dinner party.A)Had they arrived B)Would they arrive C)Were they arriving D)Were they to arrive 共 11 页 第 3 页 22._ man can now create radioactive elements,there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.A)As B)Whether C)While D)Now that 23._ of the burden of ice,the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A)To be free B)To free C)Freeing D)Freed 24._ the advances of the science,the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A)As for B)Despite C)Except D)Besides 25._ the claim about German economic might,it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A)To give B)Given C)Giving D)Having given 26._,a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A)Other things being equal B)Were other things equal C)To be equal to other things D)Other things to be equal 27._,he does not love her.A)As he likes her very much B)Though much he likes her C)Much although he likes her D)Much though he likes her 28.The board deemed its urgent that these invitations _ first thing tomorrow morning.A)had to be put in the mail B)must be put in the mail C)be put in the mail D)should have been put in the mail 29.I _ him the Christmas gift by mail because he came home during the Christmas holidays.A)ought to have sent B)couldnt have sent C)must have sent D)neednt have sent 30.Physics is the present day equivalent of _used to be called natural philosophy,from _ most of present day science arose.A)which,what B)that,which C)what,which D)what,that Part II Reading Comprehension(1.5x20+2x5=40 Points)In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions and 5 short answer questions.Please read the passages and then write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.共 11 页 第 4 页 TEXT A Television the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies,marked by rapid change and growth is moving into a new era,an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility,which promises to reshape our lives and our world.It is an electronic revolution of sorts,made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word“television”,derived from its Greek(tele:distant)and Latin(vision:sight)roots,can literally be interpreted as sight from distance.Very simply put,it works in this way:through a sophisticated system of electronics,television provides the capability of converting an image(focused on a special photo-conductive plate within a camera)into electronic impulses,which can be sent through a wire of cable.These impulses,when fed into a receiver(television set),can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.Television is more than just an electronic system,however.It is a means of expression,as well as a vehicle for communication,and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission.First,there is broadcast television,which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals.Second,there is non-broadcast television,which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.Traditionally,television has been a medium of the masses.We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today.During those years,it has been controlled,for the most part,by the broadcast networks,ABC,NBC,and CBS,who have been the major purveyors of news,information,and entertainment.These giants of broadcasting have not only shaped television but our perception as well.We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment,placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.31.With which topic is the passage primarily concerned?A)Recent changes in modern technology.B)The role of television in todays society.C)The marriage of broadcasting giants.D)The content of broadcast television programs.32.What is the literal meaning of the word“television”?A)Sight from distance.B)Medium of the masses.C)Airwave transmission.D)Vehicle for communication.33.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmissions?A)The conversion of image into electronic impulses.B)The changing of one image into another image.C)The sending of impulses through a wire cable.共 11 页 第 5 页 D)The feeding of impulses into a receiver.34.What field of television is intended for specific groups?A)Broad-based B)Reconstituted C)Non-broadcast D)Traditional 35.Which of the following statements about the relationship between the television and its viewers can be inferred from the passage?A)Viewers have grown tired of television.B)Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.C)Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.D)Viewers do not take an active role in watching television.TEXT B According to some individuals,if your house is built in the right position,this may affect your success in life,which seems strange to many people.However,to believers in Feng-Shui,or the art of geomancy,not only the position but also the choice of decorations and even the color of your home can mean the difference between good fortune and disaster.This art has been practiced for centuries in China and is still used all over South East Asia.Even the huge Hong Kong banks call in a geomant if they are planning to build new offices.They have such faith in his knowledge that if he advises them to move,they will alter their plans for even their biggest buildings.Like many Oriental beliefs the geomants skill depends on the idea of harmony in nature.If there is no imbalance between the opposing forces of Yin and Yang,the building will bring luck to its inhabitants.This means that the house must be built on the right spot as well as facing the right direction,and also be painted an auspicious color.For instance,if there are mountains to the north,this will protect them from evil influences.If the house is painted red,this will bring happiness to the occupants while green symbolizes youth and will bring long life.Other factors,such as the owners time and date of birth,are taken into account,too.The geomant believes that unless all these are considered when choosing a site for construction,the fortune of the people using it will be at risk.Indeed,to ignore the geomants advice can have fatal results.The death of the internationally famous Kung-Fu star,Brucee Lee,has been used as an example.It is said that when Lee found out that the house he was living in was an unlucky one,he followed a geomants advice and installed an eight-sided mirror outside his front door to bring him luck.Unfortunately,a storm damaged the mirror and the house was left unprotected from harmful influences.Soon afterwards Lee died in mysterious circumstances.Not only is Feng-Shui still used in South East Asia,but it has also spread right across the world.Even in modern New York a successful commercial artist called Milton Glaser has found it useful.He was so desperate after his office was broken into six times that he consulted a geomant.He was told to install a fish tank with six black fish and fix a red clock to the ceiling.Since then he has not been burglarized once.It may seem an incredible story,but no other suitable explanation has been offered.共 11 页 第 6 页 36.From the passage we can infer that Feng-Shui is NOT used in _.A)Hong Kong B)the United States C)Japan D)Thailand 37.Geomants believe that _.A)houses must only be painted red B)houses must face mountains C)nature and life should be in harmony D)green is an unlucky color 38.Geomants think that the reason for Bruce Lees death is that _.A)he didnt follow the geomants advice B)he installed an eight-sided mirror C)he misunderstood the geomants advice D)a storm damaged the protection for his house 39.The story of Milton Glaser shows that _.A)colors are not important in geomancy B)geomancy is used by artists C)geomancy is used in the West D)the fight against crime is being won 40.Which of the following best describes geomancy?A)It is a style of Oriental decoration.B)It is a type of painting.C)It is an ancient Chinese belief called Feng-Shui.D)It is an architectural design.TEXT C For about three centuries we have been doing science,trying science out,using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization.Every dispensable item of contemporary technology,from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin,was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments.Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living,long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method,maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not.There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning,rising in pitch and violence in the 共 11 页 第 7 页 nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution,summoning urgent crowds into the streets on the issue of nuclear energy.Give it back,say some of the voices,It doesnt really work,weve tried it and it doesnt work.Go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.The principle discoveries in this century,taking all in all,are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of nature.Things that used to seem clear and rational,and matters of absolute certainty-Newtonian mechanics,for example-have slipped through our fingers;and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles,cosmic uncertainties,and ambiguities.Some of the laws of physics are amended every few years;some are canceled outright;some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded.For a while,things seemed simple and clear:the cell was a neat little machine,a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling,like a tiny watch.But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex,filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond todays imagining.It is not just that there is more to do,there is everything to do.What lies ahead,or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued,is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea.As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.41.What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?A)Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.B)For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.C)Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.D)Some people think three hundred years is not long enough to set back for critical appraisal of scientific method.42.The principle discovery in this century shows _.A)man has overthrown Newtons laws of physics B)man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles C)man has lost many scientific discoveries D)man has given up some of the once accepted theories 43.Now scientists have found in the past few years _.A)the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary B)the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine C)man knows nothing about DNA 共 11 页 第 8 页 D)man has