1、At 43,Ive reached the stage where women are warned to watch out for the creeping sadness of middle age.Wereserved up an endless stream of advice on how to survive your 40s,as if were in the endurance stage of a slow limptoward 26.This is the age women start to become invisible-our value,attractivene
2、ss and power supposedly27 by the vanishing of youth.But I dont feel like Im fading into 28.I feel more seen than I ever have,and for thefirst time in my life,I have a clear-eyed view of myself that passionate and accepting.When I look in the mirror,Im proud of who I am-even thosebrokenparts that for
3、 so long seemed impossible tolove.So when advertisers try to sell me ways to turn back the clock,I have to 30 a laugh.I wouldnt go back tothe crippling self-consciousness of my youth if you paid me.This hard-won sense of self-acceptance is one of the joys ofbeing an older woman.But its a narrative o
4、ften 31 out by the shame that marketers rely on to peddle us their dietpills,miracle face creams and breathable yoga pants-as if self-love is a 32 commodity.For some women I know,this sense of trust and self-belief later in life gave them the courage to leave dysfunctionalrelationships or33 on new c
5、areer paths.Others talked about enjoying their own company,of growth through 34.deepening bonds of friendships,the ability to be more compassionate,less judgmental and to listen more and appreciatethe small pleasures.Life past 40 is far from smooth sailing,but its so much more than the reductive 35
6、we see inwomens magazines and on the Hollywood big screen.K)outlines顶尖A)adversityF)drownedB)authenticG)embarkL)prevalentC)conveyH)fragilityM)purchasableD)depictionsI)neglectedN)submitE)diminishedJ)obscurity0)suppressSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten stateme
7、nts attached to it.Each statement containsinformation given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.Youmay choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
8、What Are the Ethics of CGI Actors-And Will They Replace Real Ones?A)Digital humans are coming to a screen near you.As computer-generated imagery(CGI)has become cheaper andmore sophisticated,the film industry can now convincingly recreate people on screen-even actors who have beendead for decades.The
9、 technologys ability to effectively keep celebrities alive beyond the grave is raising questionsabout public legacies and image rights.B)Late in 2019,it was announced that US actor James Dean,who died in 1955,will star in a Vietnam War filmscheduled for release later this year.In the film,which will
10、 be called Finding James Dean will be recreated onscreen with CGI based on old footage(and photographs,with another actor voicing him.The news wasmet with excitement by those keen to see Dean digitally brought back to life for only his fourth film,but it alsodrew sharp criticism.This is puppeteering
11、 the dead for their fame alone,actress Zelda Williams wrote onTwitter.It sets such an awful precedent for the future of performance.Her father,Robin Williams,who died in22014,was keen to avoid the same fate.Before his death,he filed a deed protecting the use of his image until2039,preventing others
12、from recreating him using CGI to appear in a film,TV show or as a hologram影像).C)The James Dean film is a way to keep the actors image relevant for younger generations,says Mark Roesler of CMGWorldwide,the firm that represents Deans estate.I think this is the beginning of an entire wave,says TravisCl
13、oyd,CEO of Worldwide XR,one of the companies behind the digital recreation of Dean.Moving into the future,we want James Dean to be brought into different gaming environments,or different virtual reality environments,oraugmented reality environments,he says.D)Other actors have been revived,with the p
14、ermission of their estates,for advertising purposes:for example,a 2011advertisement for Dior featured contemporary actress Charlize Theron alongside iconic 20th-century stars MarilynMonroe,Grace Kelly and Marlene Dietrich.Later,Audrey Hepburn was digitally recreated for a chocolatecommercial in 2013
15、.In the same year,a CGI Bruce Lee appeared in a Chinese-language ad for a whisky brand,which offended many fans because Lee was widely known not to drink alcohol at all.In the last five years,itsbecome more affordable and more achievable in a whole movie,says Tim Webber at UK visual effects firmFram
16、estore,the company behind the Hepburn chocolate ad.Framestore used body doubles with resemblance toHepburns facial structure and body shape as a framework for manual animation.The process was extremely difficultand expensive,says Webber,but the technology has moved on.E)Now,a person can be animated
17、from scratch.If theyre alive today,you can put them in scanning rigs,youcan get every detail of their body analysed very carefully and that makes it much easier,whereas working fromavailable photographs is tricky,says Webber,who won an Academy Award for his visual effects work on the2013 film Gravit
18、y.I also see a lot of actors today who will have the desire to take advantage of this technology:to have their likeness captured and stored for future content,says Cloyd.They foresee this being somethingthat could give their estates and give their families the ability to make money from their likene
19、ss when theyregone.”F)A hidden hazard of digitally recreating a deceased(celebrity is the risk of damaging their legacy.We haveto respect the security and the integrity of rights holders,says John Canning at Digital Domain,a US firm thatcreated a hologram rapper(Tupac Shakur,which appeared at the Co
20、achella music festival in 2012,15years after his death.G)Legally,a persons rights to control the commercial use of their name and image beyond their death differ betweenand even within countries.In certain US states,for example,these rights are treated similarly to property rights,andare transferabl
21、e to a persons heirs.In California,under the Celebrities Rights Act,the personality rights for acelebrity last for 70 years after their death.Weve got a societal debate going on about access to our publiccommons,as it were,about famous faces,says Lilian Edwards at Newcastle University,UK.Should the
22、public beallowed to use or reproduce images of famous people,given how iconic they are?And what is in the best interest of adeceased persons legacy may conflict with the desires of their family or the public,says Edwards.H)A recreation,however lifelike,will never be indistinguishable from a real act
23、or,says Webber.When we arebringing someone back,representing someone who is no longer alive on the screen,what we are doing is extremelysophisticated digital make-up,he says.A performance is a lot more than a physical resemblance.一3一I)As it becomes easier to digitally recreate celebrities and to ent
24、irely manufacture on-screen identities,could this kindof technology put actors out of jobs?I think actors are worried about this,says Edwards.But I think it will take avery long time.This is partly because of the risk that viewers find virtual humans scary.Edwards cites widespreadbacklash to the dig
25、ital recreation of Carrie Fisher as a young Princess Leia in Rogue One,a trick later repeated in therecent Star Wars:The Rise of Skywalker,which was filmed after Fishers death in 2016.People didnt like it,shesays.“They discovered the uncanny valley(诡异谷).”J)This refers to the idea that when objects t
26、rying to resemble humans arent quite perfect,they can make viewers feeluneasy because they fall somewhere between obviously non-human and fully human.Thats always a danger whenyoure doing anything human or human-like,says Webber.Therere a thousand things that could go wrong with acomputer-generated
27、facial performance,and any one of those could make it fall into the uncanny valley,he says.Your brain just knows theres something wrong.The problem often arises around the eyes or mouth,says Webber.Theyre the areas that you look at when youre talking to someone.K)An unfamiliar digital human that has
28、 been created through CGI will also face the same challenge as an unknownactor:they dont have the appeal of an established name.You have to spend substantial capital in creatingawareness around their likeness and making sure people are familiar with who they are,says Cloyd.This is nowstarting to hap
29、pen.The way you pre-sell a movie in a foreign market is based on relevant talent,he says.Ithinkwere a long way away from having virtual beings that have the ability to pre-sell content.L)Webber expects that we will see more digital humans on screen.Its happening because it can happen,he says.Referri
30、ng to a line from Jurassic Park(侏罗纪公园)，he adds:“People are too busy thinking about what they cando to think about whether they should do it.36.There is an ongoing debate among the public as to whether the images of deceased celebrities should be recreated.37.The CGI technology allows the image of th
31、e deceased James Dean to be presented to young people in new settings.38.It is very likely that the CGI-recreated image of a deceased celebrity will fail to match the real actor especially infacial expressions.39.The use of digital technology can bring images of deceased celebrities back to the scre
32、en.40.Recreating a deceased famous actor or actress may violate their legitimate rights.41.More CGI-recreated images of deceased celebrities are expected to appear on screen42.The image of James Dean will be recreated on screen with his voice dubbed by someone else.43.However advanced the CGI techno
33、logy is,the recreated image will differ in a way from the real actor.44.A lot of actors today are likely to make use of the CGI technology to have their images stored for the benefit of theirfamilies.45.Some actors are concerned that they may lose jobs because of the CGI technology.Section CDirectio
34、ns:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.Foreach of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.一4Pas
35、sage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.You cant see it,smell it,or hear it,and people disagree on how precisely to define it,or where exactly it comesfrom.It isnt a school subject or an academic discipline,but it can be learned.It is a quality that is required of artists,but i
36、t is also present in the lives of scientists and entrepreneurs.All of us benefit from it and we thrive mentally andspiritually when we are able to wield it.It is a delicate thing,easily stamped out:in fact,it flourishes most fully whenpeople are playful and childlike.Meanwhile,it works best in conju
37、nction with deep knowledge and expertise.This mysterious-but teachable-quality is creativity,the subject of a recently-published report by DurhamCommission on Creativity and Education.The report concludes that creativity should not inhabit the school curriculumonly as it relates to drama,music,art a
38、nd other obviously creative subjects,but that creative thinking ought to runthrough all of school life,infusing(the way humanities and natural sciences are learned.The authors,who focus on education in England,offer a number of sensible recommendations,some of which arean attempt to alleviate the un
39、inspiring and fact-based approach to education that has crept into policy in recent years.When children are regarded as vessels to be filled with facts,creativity does not prosper;nor does it when teacherssoleobjective is coaching children towards exams.One suggestion from the commission is a networ
40、k of teacher-led creativitycollaboratives,along the lines of existing maths hubs()with the aim of supporting teaching for creativity throughthe school curriculum.Nevertheless,it is arts subjects through which creativity can most obviously be fostered.The value placed on themby the independent educat
41、ion sector is clear.One only has to look at the remarkable arts facilities at Britains top privateschools to comprehend this.But in the state sector the excessive focus on English,maths and science threatens to crusharts subjects;meanwhile,reduced school budgets mean diminishing extracurricular acti
42、vities.There has been a 28.1%decline in students taking creative subjects at high schools since 2014,though happily,art and design have seen arecent increaseThis discrepancy between state and private education is a matter of social justice.It is simply wrong and unfair thatmost children have a fract
43、ion of the access to choirs,orchestras,art studios and drama that their more privileged peersenjoy.As lives are affected by any number of looming challenges-climate crisis,automation in the workplace-humansare going to need creative thinking more than ever.For all of our sakes,creativity in educatio
44、n,and for all,mustbecome a priority.46.What do we learn from the passage about creativity?A)It develops best when people are spiritually prepared.B)It is most often wielded by scientists and entrepreneurs.C)It is founded on scientific knowledge and analytical skills.D)It contributes to intellectual
45、growth but can easily be killed.47.What is the conclusion of a recently-published report?A)Natural sciences should be learned the way humanities courses are.B)Cultivation of creativity should permeate the entire school curriculum.C)Art courses should be made compulsory for all students.5D)Students s
46、hould learn more obviously creative subjects.48.What does the report say is detrimental to the fostering of creativity?A)Alleviation of pressure.C)Test-oriented teaching.B)Teacher-led school activities.D)Independent learning49.What do we learn about the private schools in the UK?A)They encourage ext
47、racurricular activities.B)They attach great importance to arts educationC)They prioritize arts subjects over maths and sciences.D)They cater to students from different family backgrounds50.What should be done to meet the future challenges?A)Increasing government investment in school education.B)Narr
48、owing the existing gap between the rich and the poor.C)Providing all children with equal access to arts education.D)Focusing on meeting the needs of under-privileged students./66Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Emulating your conversation partners actions is a common
49、human behavior classified asmirroringand has beenknown and studied by psychologists for years.We all tend to subconsciously copy gestures of people we like.But why dowe act like this?As a rule,mirroring means that conversationalists enjoy their communication and that theres a certain level ofagreeme
50、nt between them.The topic of discussion is equally interesting for both and they know their interests meet.Repeating someones behavior is typical of talented communicators,not always because the person is sympathetic,but because there is a goal to be achieved.This way new idols have been brought to
51、the stage:politicians,celebrities,and other big names.Popular culture makes people want to look popular,and act and speak like popular people.Nowadays celebrities steal lyrics from each other and struggle with copyright violation accusations orstraightforwardly claim themselves to be the authors,eve
52、n though all the work was done by other people.Among celebrities,its trendy nowadays to use their own speech writers as politicians do.The so-calledghostwritingcan take various forms:books,articles,autobiographies,and even social media posts.Who is a true copycat(and who gets copycatted?Sometimes,it
53、 is a hard nut to crack without an expertshelp.But new authorship defending methods based on identifying individual writing patterns are already here.Their aimis to protect intellectual property.Using scientific methods,some of them can define authorship with 85%accuracy.Writing is not an easy craft
54、 to master.If you want to write like a professional without plagiarism()there area few lessons to learn and the first one is:Copy from one,its plagiarism;copy from two,its research.The correctinterpretation of this statement is not about copying,but rather about creating your own style.When you stud
55、y anauthors writing style,dont stop on a single one,but explore numerous styles instead.Examine types of sentences theyuse,pay attention to their metaphors,and focus on stories you feel you could write a pretty cool sequel(to.Imitation is rather paradoxical.As an integral part of learning,it brings about positive changes,making people6
