1、Cultural relics-词汇讲解学案1.rare 稀少的，罕见的；珍贵的；三分熟辨析：易混词辨析例句rare通常指罕见而有价值的事物。He replaced the rare vase with/ by a false one.scare主要指有用的一般事物，但目前数量不够。Water is scare in the desert.uncommon/unusual指因不经常发生而值得注意的事物。Its no longer uncommon/unusual for a girl to take part in the games now.2.valuable adj.有很大价值的，贵重的
2、，有用的；n.贵重物品This is a valued gift though it is hardly valuable.主观上valued的东西，客观上不一定valuable。3.survive(1)vi.继续生存或存在e.g. Many strange customs have survived from earlier times.(2)vt.经历某遭遇后幸存；幸免于；从（困境等中）挺过来He told me only a few soldiers had survived the war.在战争中幸存下来。（survive）(3)vt.比长寿；比活得长e.g. The man sur
3、vived his sister by three years.4.in search of寻找，在句中常作目的状语或表语。search sth./sp./sb.搜查某物、某处、某人 search for/after寻找，探究 searchfor寻找search int调查，研究 search out搜查出，探出 search through把仔细搜寻一遍search的宾语是搜寻的范围，search for的宾语是搜寻的对象。5.amazing辨析：易混词辨析例句amaze“惊愕”；含有惊叹；佩服之意。Fares perfect voice amazedme.surprise“惊讶”“出乎意料
4、”；是“吃惊”的普通用词。语气较弱。It surprised me that you sang this song so well.astonish“使十分惊讶”“试大吃一惊”(=surprise sb. very much)，语气较强，含难以置信之意。She astonished us by saying she was leaving.shock使“震惊”；多用来指重大的事情使人为之一震，有大为惊讶之意（=surprise sb. greatly），语气最强。I was shocked by what had happened.6.selectselect sb./sth. as选某人、某
5、物作为 select sb./sth. from从中选出某人、某物selective 选择性的，有选择的 selected精选的（newly-selected）辨析：易混词辨析例句select“精选”；是指从同类事物中的许多东西中仔细辨别后选择，挑选最合适的。I selected some exercises.choose“选择”。是“选择”的最普通的用词。You can choose one from these chalks.pick“挑选”；挑剔和苛刻地选择，多指选有形的东西。Will you help me pick some strawberries?7.desgin v. & n.
6、be designed to do目的是做be designed for sb./sth.打算给某人用、打算作某物用 介词for常用于表示用途、对象等，后接名、代或Vingbe designed as sth.打算当作某物design doing/to do打算做make designs for为设计 by design故意地=by intention/on purposehave designs on企图占有；对不怀好心8.fancy adj. vt. & n.(1)奇特的，花样的，花哨的e.g. a fancy meal(2)想象，揣测，假想fancy + that clause以为 fa
7、ncy (ones) doing sth.想象（某人）做某事fancy sb. (to be)/as认为某人（是）(3)n.爱好，喜爱，迷恋have a fancy that感到，揣测 have a fancy for喜欢take a fancy to变得喜欢 take/catch ones fancy引起某人的喜欢(4)Fancy your talking like that!fancy常用于表惊叹的句子，意为“没想到，竟然”9.decorate v.(1)装饰，装潢 decorate sth. with.（主动） 用装饰 be decorated with sth.被用某物装饰with表示
8、所使用的工具或方式eg:They docorate the Christmas tree with lights. We see with our eyes and hear with our ears. Write your names with a pen,not with a pencil.(2)粉刷；油漆；糊墙纸(3)点缀；装点(4)授给（某人）勋章或奖章 decorate sb. for sth.10.belong(1)应在（某处）e.g. Where do these cigarettes belong?(2)适应；合得来e.g. He doesnt feel as if he b
9、elongs here.belong to(1)属于某人，归某人所有e.g. Who does this golden ring belong to?(2)（事件、比赛等中某人）获胜，最受欢迎e.g. The film “the Message” belonged to the award ceremony.(3)是俱乐部；组织等的成员(4)属于Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future_ to the well-educated.A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging
10、D. will be belongedbelong to既无被动形式，也不能用于进行时。to为介词，可跟名词或代词作宾语。可用于V-ing形式作后置定语Eg:I dont know any members belonging to that club. Diao Yu Island,belonging to China,is off the north coast of Taiwan.11. in return 作为回报，回过来，单独作状语Eg:I wish I could do something for you in return.I gave him a present.In retur
11、n,he gave me nothing.He wanted nothing in return.in return for作为对某事的回报，作为对的报答；为答谢；作为的交换eg:I bougt him a drink in return for his help.12.consider(1)仔细考虑，细想consider + n./doing/wh- + to do/that-clause(2)认为；以为；觉得e.g. He considers it a great honor to give a speech during the meeting.consider + that-claus
12、e/(to be/as) + n./adj./宾语+宾补(3)体谅，考虑到，顾及You should consider other people before you act.应当考虑到别人（consider）(4)端详；注视e.g. He stood there, considering the girl.13. at war介词 + 名词（表状态）at peace at breakfast at table at rest at the piano on show on sale on firein trouble in danger under discussion under cons
13、truction14.remove vt.(1)移走；移开；移动；搬开（+from/to）e.g. I removed the box to another desk.(2)除掉，清楚e.g. I removed the mud from my shoes.(3)脱下（衣服等）e.g. I removed my glasses.(4)把免职；撤去（+from）e.g. He was removed from the post.15.less than辨析：短语符号意义less than少于not less than=at (the) least不少于，至少no less than和一样，不少于
14、（强调多）more than多于；不仅仅not more than=at (the) most不多于，不超过，至多no more than仅仅（强调少）16. wooden adj.(1)木制的，木头的(2)木头似的；死板的；呆板的；木纳的e.g. The act playing the father was too wooden.-en后缀(1)由制成（构成的）；像一样的（用在名词后构成形容词）golden, woolen, earthen(2)使；使成为；变得（用于形容词之后构成动词）blacken, sadden, broaden, widen17. doubthave (no) dou
15、bt(s) about sth.对某事（不）确信have no doubt(s) that相信have doubt(s) whether怀疑（是否）There is no doubt about sth.对某事有把握There is no doubt that无疑，that引导同位语从句。in doubt不肯定的；不确定的without doubt无疑地；确实地make no doubt(of)（对）毫不怀疑throw(cast) doubt on(upon)使（某人）对产生怀疑doubt whether怀疑doubt sth./sb.怀疑某事、某人18.worth(1)adj.值得的；相当于
16、的价值的e.g. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. He gave out a suggestion which was not worth considering.不值得考虑的。（worth, consider）a. worth后可接“钱数”或一些名词、动名词，接动名词时可用主动形式表被动意义。b. worth不可用very修饰，可以用well。(2)n.价值；作用；重要性辨析：易混词辨析例句worth指从精神、文化方面产生的价值。The true worth of Shakespeares plays cant be measured
17、 by their commercial value to the theater.value指认为某事、某物是否有用或有重要的价值。易混词辨析worthbe worth + n./doingworthy后常接of being done或to be done或sth.worthwhile常用结构为：Its worthwhile to do/doing sth.It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and _ better ones of your own.A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced19. trialbe on trial by trial and error stand trial trial run for sth.（对新事物的）初步试验，试行20. debate n. & v.辩论，讨论，争论under debate a heat/wide-ranging/lively debate debate sth. with sb.debate后不接从句，可接疑问词加不定式结构。5
