1、学霸网 https:/www.xue-ba.org 收集整理2020年高考英语词汇解题妙招 专题03复合代词的主要构成方式(解析版)众所周知,代词是英语词汇中用途较广的词,每个句子离不开主语和宾语,为了避免重复常用代词替代名词作主语或宾语,从而使句子简洁明快。本节将介绍代词合成法。代词合成法:就是两个或两个以上的词合成一个新的代词。其主要方法有下列几个,我将在以下练习题中详细讲解。请找出下列句中的合成代词, 说明其构成的类型并指出单词意思及句子意义。1. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year, when called upon
2、to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)【答案】 himself 【解析】代词宾格him + self反身代词合成词意思:他自己;他亲自,excuse himself to go to the bathroom.找个借口去洗手间句意:惠利回想起在今年年初,当要求阅读时,克里斯会借口去洗手间。2. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)【答案
3、】 themselves.【解析】代词宾格them + selves反身代词合成词意思:pron. 他们自己;他们亲自。Boast about themselves.吹嘘自己。句意:他希望这些孩子学会自夸(夸耀)。3.Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities, Whaley says, is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)【答案】 yourself【解析】物主代词y
4、our + self 反身代词合成词意思:pron. 你自己;复数 yourselves句意:“吹嘘你自己和你最好的品质,” 威利说,“对于一个走进教室时没有自信的孩子来说是非常困难的。”4.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)【答案】 Everybody【解析】不定代词Every + body 不定代词合成词意思:pron. 每个人,人人句意:They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking
5、 cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.5. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I) 【答案】myself.【解析】物主代词my + self 反身代词合成
6、词意思:pron. 我自己;我亲自;我的正常的健康状况和正常情绪句意:他们的升迁不是靠友好,而是靠抽烟、打破规矩和开别人的玩笑,我很快就发现自己也在其中。6.Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, he said.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)【答案】 somebody【解析】不定代词some + body 不定代词合成词意思:pron. 有人,某人;重要人物句意:他说
7、:“被人喜欢创造了学习的机会,创造了新的生活体验,帮助人们获得优势。”7.To everyones surprise, the ball went into the net. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)【答案】 everyones【解析】不定代词every + one 不定代词。此处是所有格作定语。合成词意思:pron. 每个人;人人句意:令每个人吃惊的是,球进了网。8.There was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the hor
8、ror story is brilliant. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)【答案】everyone【解析】不定代词every + one 不定代词合成词意思:pron. 每个人;人人句意:在这个星球上其他人都喜欢这部电影的时候,我有一点不喜欢它,但是这部恐怖电影太精彩了。9.You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)【答案】nobody【解析】副词no+body不定代词;合成词意思:没
9、有人句意:您可以使用我作为最后的手段(选择),如果没有其他志愿者,那么我将做这件事。10.Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)【答案】herself【解析】代词宾格her + self反身代词;合成词意思:pron. 她自己(she的反身代词);她亲自。复数 themselves句意:玛丽安贝克特独自坐在西棕榈滩路易酒吧的柜台前,静
10、静地读着电子书,等待着她的沙拉。 11.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)【答案】themselves.【解析】代词宾格them + selves反身代词合成词意思:pron. 他们自己;他们亲自。句意:一份新的报告发现,46%的美国人是独自用餐
11、。超过一半的人(53%)独自吃早餐,近一半(46%)独自吃午餐。12.She returns to work feeling energized. Today, I just wanted some time to myself, she said.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II) 【答案】myself【解析】物主代词my + self 反身代词合成词意思:pron. 我自己;我亲自;句意:她回到工作岗位时感到精力充沛。“今天,我只想给自己一点时间,” 她说。13.Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet h
12、igh and asking himself the question:(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II) 【答案】himself 【解析】代词宾格him + self反身代词合成词意思:他自己;他亲自句意:想象一个孩子站在四英尺高的跳板上问自己这个问题。14.First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)【答案】yoursel
13、f【解析】物主代词your + self 反身代词合成词意思:pron. 你自己;复数 yourselves句意:首先,你需要评估你自己,你的价值观,你的优点,你的缺点,你的成就,你的愿望,等等。15. You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)【答案】yourself【解析】物主代词your + self 反身代词合成词意思:pron. 你自己;复数 yourselves句意:你应该重新评估你的目标,并激励自己设定一个新的目标。小试
14、牛刀:请找出下列句中的合成名词, 说明构成的类型并指出单词意思及句子意义。1.So how should you motivate yourself?(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II) 2.Its good to know theres still someone out there who cares enough to go to that kind of trouble, says Lisa of Ehlers rescue effort。 (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II) 3.I figured whoever lost the dog was
15、 probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs, says Ehlers. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)4. If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be willing to go that extra mile.says Ehlers.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷II)5.Of course, only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China some of
16、 the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语(全国卷III)6. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语(全国卷III)7.To make herself stand out.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (北京卷)8.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences i
17、n the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (北京卷)9. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate
18、, affecting the teams performance.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语(北京卷)10.Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语(北京卷)11.It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.(2019年普通高等学校招生
19、全国统一考试(江苏卷)) 12.Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷))13.After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who identified the lady as Erin Smith. (2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷))14.Right after Erin took possession of my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my drivers license to an online forum(论坛), trying to see if anyone knew me.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷))15.Looking back, I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger.(2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷))第 5 页 共 5 页学霸网 https:/www.xue-ba.org 收集整理5