1、Unit 2 Working the land Part Learning about Language&Using Language 课前自主课前自主预预习习 .重点单词 1_n细菌 2_n.害虫；害兽；害鸟 3_n.营养；滋养；食物 4_n.焦点；中心点 vt.集中；聚焦 5_n.土壤 6_vt.减少；减缩 7_n.根；根源 8_vt.浏览；略读 9_vt.画底线标出；强调 10_n.评论；议论 vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论 答案 1.bacteria 2.pest 3.nutrition 4.focus 5soil 5.reduce 7.root 8.skim 9.underline
2、 10comment.词汇拓展 1 _vt.使迷惑；使为难_adj.困惑的；烦恼的_令人困惑的_n.困惑；混乱 2 _vt.遗 憾；惋 惜 n.遗 憾；懊 悔_adj.遗憾的；后悔的_adv.遗憾地；痛惜地 3_adj.化学的；关于化学的_n.化学 4_n.矿物；矿石_n.矿；矿山 5_n.生产；制造_vt.生产；制造_n.生产者；制片人 6 _n.发 现；发 觉 _vt.发 现_n.发现者 7_n.总结；摘要；概要_vt.总结；概括 答案 1.confuse；confused；confusing；confusion 2regret；regretful；regretfully 3.chemic
3、al；chemistry 4mineral；mine 5.production；produce；producer 6discovery；discover；discoverer 7summary；summarize.重点短语 1cause damage to _ 2wash off _ 3build up _ 4lead to _ 5集中(注意力、精力等)于 _ 6使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物)_ 7另外 _ 8转向；向求助 _ 9每(隔)几年 _ 答案 1.给造成损害 2.将洗掉；洗净 3逐渐增强；建立；开发 4.导致；造成(后果)；通向 5focus on 6.keep.free
4、from/of 7.in addition 8turn to 9.every few years.重点句式 1have been doing 现在完成进行时 Recently，however，scientists _that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to peoples health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。2too.to.“太而不能”句式 In addition，fruit，
5、vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow _fast _be full of much nutrition.另外，施过化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长得过快而营养不足。3现在分词短语作结果状语 Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，_such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，
6、从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。答案 1.have been finding 2.too；to 3.making it ready for crops.课文理解 1From the passage，we can see organic farmers are those who_.Agrow crops with chemical fertilizers Bgrow crops with natural fertilizers Cproduce organic fertilizers Dcare for the environment 2From the fourth
7、paragraph，we know that_.Aits not good to plant grass between crops Bpeanuts use the surface of soil Cpeas and soybeans should be grown together with corn and wheat Dvegetables that put down deep roots are harmful to the soil 3Farmers_so that the soil may not get exhausted.Agrow the same crops year a
8、fter year Buse natural fertilizers Cchange crops every few years Duse chemical fertilizers 4How many ways do the organic farmers have to keep their soil fertile and healthy?A3.B4.C5.D6.答案 14 BBCB 教材原文 CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century,using chemical fertilizers has become very c
9、ommon in farming.Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently,however，scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and,even more dangerous,to peoples health.What are some of the problems caused by
10、 chemical fertilizers？First,they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones.Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time.This affects crops and,therefore，animals and humans,since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be w
11、ashed off.These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.In addition，fruit,vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.They may look beautiful,but i
12、nside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries,some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.A healthy soil reduces
13、disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.Organic farmers,therefore,often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile.This also keeps the air,soil,water and crops free from chemicals.Organic far
14、mers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile.They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years,for example,growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans.Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil,making it ready for crops such
15、 as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil,for example,planting peanuts that use the grounds surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or wat
16、er from carrying away the soil,and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next years crop.These many different organic farming methods have the same goal:to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.译文参照 化学耕作还是有机耕作？在过去的半个世纪里，在耕作中使用化学肥料已经非常普遍。许多农民喜欢使用化肥，把化肥作为防治农作物病虫害和增产的重要手段。然而，最近科学家们发现长期使用这些肥料会对土地造成损害，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。化学肥料都能造成哪些问题呢？首先，它们杀死有害细菌和害虫的同时也杀死了有益细菌和益虫，从而对土地造成损害。化学肥料还会在土壤和地下水中保存很长时间。这将会影响农作物，因此影响到动物和人类，因为化学物质会进入到农作物里面，并且不能被冲洗掉。食物
