1、第2讲 句法类错误 错误类型错误类型1 主谓一致错误主谓一致错误 1.【解析】【解析】includeincludes。考查主谓一致。前面的。考查主谓一致。前面的that作主语作主语,是一个单数是一个单数,谓语动词应用单数。谓语动词应用单数。2.【解析】【解析】waswere。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知可知,此句是倒装句此句是倒装句,句子主语是句子主语是voices or cars,是复数是复数,谓语动词也应用复数。谓语动词也应用复数。3.【解析】【解析】werewas。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构。考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知可知,句子主语是句子主语是The m
2、an,是单数是单数,谓语动词应用单数。谓语动词应用单数。【技法点金】【技法点金】1.判断主语是关键判断主语是关键(1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。数。(2)动词动词-ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时,谓语谓语动词一般用单数。注意动词一般用单数。注意:名词性从句表示复数概念时名词性从句表示复数概念时,谓语动词应用复数。谓语动词应用复数。(3)遵循就近原那么常见的有遵循就近原那么常见的有:either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.,there be等。等。
3、(4)遵循就远原那么常见的有遵循就远原那么常见的有:together with,as well as,but,except等。等。(5)在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。单复数。(6)定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。词保持一致。2.附加成分是难点附加成分是难点 对于分隔现象对于分隔现象,可利用可利用“减一减原那么减一减原那么:先从整体上把先从整体上把握主干握主干,再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰局部局部,使结构简化。使
4、结构简化。【过关检测】【过关检测】1.(2022 滁州一模滁州一模)The purposes of the program is to make our school more beautiful,and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.()isare 2.(2022 洛阳三模洛阳三模)Though my parents often ask her to quit the work,my grandma never listen.()listenlistens 3.Selling newspa
5、pers not only makes some money but also give us some working experience during the summer vacation.()4.I,who is your teacher,will do my best to help you.()givegives isam 错误类型错误类型2 从句或固定句型误用从句或固定句型误用 1.【解析】【解析】whatthat/which。考查定语从句。分析句。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知子结构可知.is created for them为定语从句为定语从句,修饰先修饰先行词行词the
6、historical environment,先行词在定语从句中先行词在定语从句中作主语作主语,应用应用that或或which。2.【解析】去掉【解析】去掉much。考查固定句型。此处是。考查固定句型。此处是so.that.句型句型,表示表示“如此如此以至于以至于。so修饰后修饰后面的形容词面的形容词nervous,所以所以much多余。多余。3.【解析】第一个【解析】第一个thatwhat。考查连接代词。分析。考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知句子结构可知,what cant be ignored是主语从句是主语从句,从句从句中缺少主语中缺少主语,应用应用what引导。引导。【技法点金】【技法点
7、金】1.牢记定语从句中只用牢记定语从句中只用which不用不用that的情况的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句时。引导非限制性定语从句时。The building,which attracts many visitors,is designed by my father.(2)位于介词后面时。位于介词后面时。Great changes have taken place in the city in which they live.2.关注关系代词和关系副词误用关注关系代词和关系副词误用 定语从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语时定语从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语时,应用关系代词应用关系代词which或或tha
8、t;从句中缺少定语时从句中缺少定语时,应用关系代词应用关系代词whose;从句中缺少状语时从句中缺少状语时,应用关系副词。应用关系副词。3.牢记牢记that和和what引导名词性从句时的区别引导名词性从句时的区别 that引导名词性从句只起连接作用引导名词性从句只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何在从句中不作任何成分成分,无意义无意义,在宾语从句中通常省略在宾语从句中通常省略,但在主语从句、但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略;what除引导从句除引导从句外外,还在从句中作成分还在从句中作成分,意为意为“所所的的(东西东西),在含义在含义上等于上等于“名词名
9、词+that。4.熟记状语从句的连词熟记状语从句的连词 the moment/minute/as soon as/immediately/directly;where;because/as/since;so/such.that;in case;though/although等。等。【过关检测】【过关检测】1.(2022 全国卷全国卷)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.()2.(2022 全国卷全国卷)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important
10、in my life at that time:car magazines and musical instruments.()whichwhere或或which前加前加in theythat或或which 3.Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world what is in serious trouble.()4.(2022 阜阳二模阜阳二模)Secondly,manage our time wisely by setting up a study schedule,that can help us improve our learning efficiency.()whatthat/which thatwhich
