1、Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are学习目标：学会如何有礼貌地获得信息，培养日常生活中问路与指路的能力；掌握宾语从句的用法；养成乐于助人的习惯。一、词汇1. 根底词汇restroom公共厕所，休息室；shampoo 洗发香波；drugstore 药店，杂货店main主要的，重要的；department 部，局，部门；escalator电动扶梯，自动扶梯；furniture 家具；furniture store 家具店；exchange 更换，调换；hang 悬挂，吊；fresh 鲜的，生的，无经验的；advantage
2、 有利条件，优点，好处；disadvantage 不利条件，缺点，害处；block 街区，街段；slide 滑行；clown 小丑，丑角；department store 百货商店，百货公司；2. 重点短语hang out 闲荡；dress up 盛装，打扮，装饰二、日常用语1. Do you know where I can buy shampoo2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office3. Can you please tell me where I can get a dictionary Yes. Theres a fasci
3、nating science museum.4. Could you please tell me if there are many good museums in New Town5. The museum is really interesting.6. Turn left/right. Take the elevator to the second floor.三、知识讲解Section A:1Could you please tell me where the restrooms are 你能告诉我公共厕所在哪吗？该句为宾语从句。宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用。宾语从句的语序一定是陈述
4、句语序。引导宾语从句的关联词有that，whether，if，连接代词和连接副词。如：- I am sure (that) Jack will be late. 我肯定杰克会迟到。- I wonder whether/if he still works in that bank.我不知道他是否仍在那家银行工作。- Do you remember where you put the keys 你记得你把钥匙放哪里了吗？当主句的谓语动词是think，believe，expect，suppose和imagine等时，如果宾语从句要表示否认意义，往往通过主句的否认形式来实现。即，注意否认的转移。如：
5、- I dont think (that) he will agree with my ideas. 我认为他不会同意我的意见。 如果用if 引导宾语从句，后面不能加上or not. 如： - I dont care whether he can do it or not. 我不介意他究竟会不会做。2. Take the elevator to the second floor. 乘坐电梯到二楼。take: to use 乘坐 如：take a trainelevator: an apparatus in a building that moves up and down between fl
6、oors and carries people or goods 电梯escalator: a set of moving stairs in a store，railway station，airport，etc. (商场，车站，机场等的)电动扶梯，自动扶梯3. The bank is next to the bookstore. 银行在书店的旁边。next to: a close beside 贴近，靠近 如： -Im sitting next to Mary. 我坐在玛丽的旁边。 英语中表示方位的表达有： close to 在附近； on the left/right side在左/右边
7、； in the middle of 在的中间； in front of 在的前面； between and 在之间； be opposite to 在对面； across from 在对面。4. I prefer being outside. 我宁愿呆在外面。prefer: to choose (one thing or action) rather than another; like better宁可，宁愿，更喜欢。(1)prefer sth 如： - Would you like meat or fish 你想吃肉还是吃鱼？ - Id prefer meat，please. 我更喜欢吃
8、肉。(2)prefer sth. / doing to sth. /doing 如： - I prefer dogs to cats. 我喜欢狗，不太喜欢猫。 - I prefer reading to singing. 我喜爱读书胜过唱歌。(3)prefer to do sth. 如： - Would you prefer me to come on Monday 你是否宁可要我星期一来？(4)prefer to do rather than do 如： - He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate them. 他喜欢自己写信，不
9、愿意口授自己的信。5. Theres always something happening. 总有某些事情发生。 该句中，现在分词happening 表示伴随，用来修饰something。 happen：to take place 发生 如： - A funny thing happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一件趣事。 happen 一词只有主动形式，不能用于被动。6. Its also just fun to watch people. 观察人是很有趣的。 Its + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. (对于某人来说，做某事是的) 该句型中，it是一
10、个形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to do sth. 句型中的for sb.常根据需要省略。 如： - Its impossible for him to get up early. 对于他来说，早起床是不可能的。 - Its great to travel around the world. 环球旅行是很棒的事情。7. When I go into stores I always spend too much money! 当我走进商店，我总会花掉很多的钱。spend，cost，take，pay 都可以表示花费，但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： spend t
11、imemoney on sth. 在上花费时间(金钱)。 如： - I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 spend timemoney (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。 如： - They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 spend money for sth. 花钱买。 如： - His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值，常见用
12、法如下： sth. costs (sb.)金钱，某物花了(某人)多少钱。 如： - A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新要花一大笔钱。 (doing) sth. costs (sb.)时间，某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。 如： - Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种： It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。 如： - It took them three yea
13、rs to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 doing sth. takes sb. 时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。 如： - Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。pay的根本用法是： pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买。 如： - I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 pay for sth. 付的钱。 如： - I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丧失的书款。 pay for sb. 替某人付钱。 如： - Dont worry! Ill pay for you. 别担忧， 我会给你付钱的。 8. Is that a good place to hang out 那是一个闲逛的好地方吗？ 该句中，不定式to hang out 用作后置定语修饰名词短语a good place. 如： - Autumn is a wonderful season to climb mountains. 秋天是爬山的好季节。 hang out: （=
