1、 海南省天然橡胶出口的SWOT分析摘要迄今为止世界上最大的天然橡胶消费国和进口国是中国,我国对天然橡胶的使用量和消费量一连数年居高不下,虽然中国有三大橡胶产区,但是中国市场的天然橡胶主要还是依赖国外进口,进口橡胶占国内橡胶市场的百分之八十以上,所占比例之高让人惊叹。天然橡胶是关乎国家经济发展和军事建设的重要工业原料和战略资源,橡胶储备是否充足直接影响到我国的国民经济发展速度。海南省作为我国的三大橡胶产区之一,地理位置又处在“新丝路”的关键节点上,这对于促进海南省的天然橡胶产业出口是有非常有利的。此外,在中国最大的天然橡胶农场是海南农垦,多年来海南农垦在经营和管理方面有充足的经验,这对中国天然橡
2、胶产业的发展做出了重要贡献。运用SWOT分析法,分析海南省天然橡胶产业发展的优势和劣势、机遇和挑战,并且明确海南省天然橡胶在国际市场和国内市场发展中存在的问题,针对问题提出解决问题的方法与策略。依照当前的发展形势看,一方面要鼓励发展橡胶林下经济这种混合农业,增加胶农的经济收入,提高橡胶林的经济效益;另一方面是需要加强政策支持,增加补贴,并扩大补贴范围;其次就是提高橡胶种植过程的绿色防控水平,加强橡胶基础研究的投入;最重要的是要深入研究海南省天然橡胶“走出去”的可行性,制定战略规划,加快中国天然橡胶走出国门的进程,促进海南天然橡胶产业在全球市场的可持续发展,在国际天然橡胶市场上占有一席之地。关键
3、词:海南;天然橡胶;出口;SWOT分析方法 SWOT Analysis of the Export of Natural Rubber in Hainan AbstractUp to date, the worlds biggest natural rubber-consuming and importing country is China, who takes high advantages of natural rubber in utilization and consumption. Although China possesses three grand rubber farms,
4、 the natural rubber, however, is imported mostly overseas, which takes up over 80 per cent of domestic natural rubber market, such a stunning number that it appears unbelievable. While the natural rubber is considered crucial in the field of national economic development and it is an important indus
5、trial raw material and strategic resource in the aspect of military construction, the reservation of rubber will pose direct impact on gross national economic developing speed. As one of the three grand rubber farms in China, and being an the important stop in the New Silk Road, Hainan enjoys huge a
6、dvantages in the export of natural rubber thanks to the previous mentioned points. Besides, Hainan State Farms, the biggest farm of natural rubber growing land, has developed rich experience in sale and management, which makes remarkable contributions to China natural rubber industry. By means of SW
7、OT, this thesis gives analyses about the advantages and disadvantages, both opportunities and changes of natural rubber industry of Hainan Province, and furthermore, to make clear the barriers and obstacles that Hainan natural rubber could encounter both in domestic and overseas markets, with soluti
8、ons and strategies put forward. Seen from the status quo of economic development, it is suggested that, on the one hand, the mixed agriculturegrowing plants at the soil of rubbers, should be encouraged to increase farmers income and make fuller use of economic situations of rubber growing industry.
9、On the other hand, more healthy policies should be established and put into practice by the government, more subsidy be paid to farmers and in wider coverage. Moreover, the environment-friendly prevention and control technology should be improved during rubber planting, and more investment should be
10、 paid to the infra research. The most important thing is to research the feasibility of “Go global” of Hainan natural rubber industry, carry out strategic plans, speed up the process of going overseas of Chinas natural rubber and promote the sustainable development of Hainan natural rubber industry
11、in the world, and finally gains its value in the global rubber market.Keywords: Hainan; Natural rubber; Export ; SWOT analysis met 目录摘要Abstract1绪论11.1研究背景11.2文献综述11.3研究内容、思路和方法21.4创新点和不足22海南省天然橡胶出口现状32.1 海南橡胶种植分布32.2 海南橡胶加工工厂现状及海南省天然橡胶发展现状42.2.1海南橡胶加工工厂现状42.2.2海南省天然橡胶产业发展现状52.3海南天然橡胶出口现状分析72.3.1 海南天
12、然橡胶出口总量分析72.3.2海南天然橡胶出口分布83海南省天然橡胶产业出口的SWOT分析93.1优势分析(Strengths)93.2劣势分析(Weaknesses)103.3机遇分析(Opportunities)103.4威胁分析(Threats)114针对海南省天然橡胶出口问题的对策134.1加大海外投资,实现国内外一体化134.2加强产业链,提升竞争力134.3实施科技兴胶战略,优化产业结构144.4实施市场营销战略,拓宽流通渠道15结论16参考文献17致谢18 第1页1绪论1.1研究背景钢铁、橡胶、煤炭、石油是支撑一个国家经济发展、国防建设的四大工业原料,而橡胶是四大工业原料中唯一一
13、种可再生资源。由于橡胶树的生长对于环境的要求较高,所以天然橡胶的产量是有限的,就目前的市场行情来看,天然橡胶是国家紧缺的重要发展物资。而海南省不仅具有橡胶树生长的自然环境,且海南省的地理位置也为天然橡胶的出口提供了便利。现在的海南省拥有中国最大规模的橡胶生产基地,形成了橡胶产业种植、采集、加工、生产的完整的产业链。除此之外橡胶产业是海南省农业发展的基础产业、支柱产业和优势产业,发展橡胶产业也能给种植橡胶的农户高额的回报,拉动海南省人均GDP的增长。随着经济全球化和区域经济一体化的深入,天然橡胶配额管理和关税壁垒等行政手段逐渐弱化,海南橡胶工业将直接面临国际市场竞争的压力。“第十一个五年”是海南
14、橡胶工业做大做强的关键时期,是提升企业形象促进对外扩张的关键时期,是调整企业制度,进行机制转型,实现跨越式发展的关键时期。面对这一机遇和挑战,应如何定位市场,降低生产成本,提高海南橡胶工业的竞争力是眼下最紧迫的事情。1.2文献综述第一个是从问题与对策研究角度进行分析的。郑文容(2016)在我国天然橡胶产业发展机遇与挑战中强调了天然橡胶的重要地位,提出我国天然橡胶产业当前必须予以重视的问题:在当前市场低迷的影响下,对产业出现的问题诸如抗灾能力弱、投入不足、科技含量降低、经营分散、成本高、机械化程度低、走出去扶持措施不到位等等。基于以上问题,分析了我国天然橡胶产业的发展机遇,并提出发展天然橡胶产业的具体措施:国家要加大对国产胶的保护力度,种植者要树立