1、Designation:E149705(Reapproved 2011)An American National StandardStandard Practice forSelection and Safe Use of Water-Miscible and Straight OilMetal Removal Fluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1497;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice sets forth guidelines for the selection andsafe use of metal
3、 removal fluids,additives,and antimicrobials.This includes product selection,storage,dispensing,and main-tenance.1.2 Water-miscible metal removal fluids are typically usedat high dilution and dilution rates vary widely.Additionally,there is potential for exposure to undiluted metal removal fluidas m
4、anufactured,as well as metal removal fluid additives andantimicrobials.1.3 Straight oils generally consist of a severely solvent-refined or hydro-treated petroleum oil,a synthetic oil,or otheroils of animal or vegetable origin,including oils that aremodified for performance characteristics(for examp
5、le,esteri-fied rapeseed oil,and so forth).Straight oils are not intended tobe diluted with water prior to use.Additives are often includedin straight oil formulations.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the
6、 user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D7049 Test Method for Metal Removal Fluid Aerosol inWorkplace AtmospheresE1302 Guide for Acute Animal Toxicit
7、y Testing of Water-Miscible Metalworking FluidsE1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health andSafetyE1972 Practice for Minimizing Effects of Aerosols in theWet Metal Removal EnvironmentE2144 Practice for Personal Sampling and Analysis of En-dotoxin in Metalworking Fluid Aerosols in WorkplaceAt
8、mospheresE2148 Guide for Using Documents Related to Metalworkingor Metal Removal Fluid Health and SafetyE2169 Practice for Selecting Antimicrobial Pesticides forUse in Water-Miscible Metalworking FluidsE2275 Practice for Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalwork-ing Fluid Bioresistance and Antimicrobial P
9、esticide Per-formance2.2 OSHA Standards(Occupational Safety and Health Ad-ministration):329 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication29 CFR 1910.132 General Requirements(Personal Protec-tive Equipment)(e.g.gloves,sleeves,aprons,are criticalapplications that avoid or reduce exposure)29 CFR 1910.133 Eye and
10、Face Protection29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection29 CFR 1910.138 Hand Protection29 CFR 1910.1048 Formaldehyde29 CFR 1910 Appendix B to Subpart I Non-mandatoryCompliance Guidelines for Hazard Assessment and Per-sonal Protective Equipment Selection40 CFR 156 Labeling Requirements for Pesticides an
11、dDevices2.3 Other Documents:Management of the Metal Removal Fluid Environment:AGuide to Safe and Efficient Use of Metal Removal Fluids43.Terminology3.1 For definitions and terms relating to this practice,referto Terminology E1542.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 contaminant,n
12、substances contained in in-use metalremoval fluids that are not part of the as-received fluid,such as1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E34 on Occupa-tional Health and Safety and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E34.50 onHealth and Safety Standards for Metal Worki
13、ng Fluids.Current edition approved Jan.1,2011.Published March 2011.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1497-05.DOI:10.1520/E1497-05R11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Bo
14、ok of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Code of Federal Regulations available from United States Government PrintingOffice,Washington,DC 20402.4Available from ORC Worldwide,Inc.,1800 K Street NW,Suite 810,Washington,DC 20006.Copyright A
15、STM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 abrasive particles,tramp oils,cleaners,dirt,metal fines andshavings,dissolved metal and hard water salts,bacteria,fungi,microbial decay products,and waste.3.2.2 control,vto prevent,eliminate or reduce
16、hazardsrelated to use of metal removal fluids in metal removalprocesses and to provide appropriate supplemental and/orinterim protection,as necessary,to employees.3.2.3 dermatitis,nan inflammatory response of the skin3.2.3.1 DiscussionDermatitis can result from a wide va-riety of sources and processes.The most common origins areirritant or allergic responses to a chemical or physical agent.Signs and symptoms that typify the initial onset of dermatitisinclude:erythema(redness);edema(swelling);pru
