1、Designation:E2598/E2598M13Standard Practice forAcoustic Emission Examination of Cast Iron Yankee andSteam Heated Paper Dryers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2598/E2598M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of rev
2、ision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice provides guidelines for carrying out acous-tic emission(AE)examinations of Yankee and Ste
3、am HeatedPaper Dryers(SHPD)of the type to make tissue,paper,andpaperboard products.1.2 This practice requires pressurization to levels usedduring normal operation.The pressurization medium may behigh temperature steam,air,or gas.The dryer is also subjectedto significant stresses during the heating u
4、p and cooling downperiods of operation.Acoustic Emission data maybe collectedduring these time periods but this testing is beyond the scopeof this document.1.3 The AE measurements are used to detect,as well as,localize emission sources.Other methods of nondestructivetesting(NDT)may be used to furthe
5、r evaluate the significanceof acoustic emission sources.1.4 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the
6、 two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standards.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bil
7、ity of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A278/A278M Specification for Gray Iron Castings forPressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650F(350C)E543 Specification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE569 Practice for Acoustic Emission Monit
8、oring of Struc-tures During Controlled StimulationE650 Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic EmissionSensorsE976 Guide for Determining the Reproducibility ofAcousticEmission Sensor ResponseE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE2374 Guide for Acoustic Emission System PerformanceVerifi
9、cation2.2 ASNT Standards:3SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for NondestructiveTesting PersonnelANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsSee Terminology E1316 for general termi-nology applicable to this practice.4.Summa
10、ry of Practice4.1 Each mounted sensor,on the cast iron vessel,monitorswhile the vessel is stationary and pressurized to normaloperating pressure.The vessel may be at ambient,or operating120C-230C 250F-450F temperature.4.2 Each mounted AE sensor is connected to an acousticemission signal processor.Af
11、ter a monitoring period(up to 10minutes)and pre-examination sensor sensitivity checks,pres-surization can begin.4.3 Location4.3.1 Zone LocationEach channel shall have the samesystem examination threshold.A simulated AE source gener-ated anywhere on the vessel shall be detected by at least onesensor.
12、1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.04 onAcoustic Emission Method.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
13、 E2598-07.DOI:10.1520/E2598_E2598-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available fromAmerican Socie
14、ty for Nondestructive Testing(ASNT),P.O.Box28518,1711 Arlingate Ln.,Columbus,OH 43228-0518,http:/www.asnt.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.3.2 Source Lo
15、cationAll location data resulting fromanalysis shall be presented in a manner consistent with thepreviously established calibration accuracy.The simulated AEsource generated in each structure mounted sensor array shallbe detected by the minimum number of sensors required tolocate the source within 6
16、5%of sensor spacing.4.4 Due to the potential for gasketed interfaces(at theheads/manway),multiple metal combinations(metalspray,caststeel-cast iron combinations),high vessel temperature,orrandom variations in the material velocity of cast iron,accuratesource location(65%sensor spacing)may not always bepossible.4.5 Once the AE sensor source is localized,further evalua-tion is begun by observing a“history”of events involving thearea Head tilt(corrosion induced head strain),leak repair,objects thro
