1、Designation:E178012Standard Guide forMeasuring Outdoor Sound Received from a Nearby FixedSource1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1780;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis is one of a series of standards and guidelines for measurement and evaluation of communitynoise.Techniques and precautions in this guide
3、 are not fixed or mandatory and cannot replace thejudgment of acoustical professionals.Rather,this guide is a summary of processes found to beproductive and useful in ensuring that meaningful information will be gathered in an efficient mannerabout fixed sources of noise in a community as they each
4、may exist.Others in this series include GuideE1014,which covers manual A-Weighted measurements of outdoor noise using a simple meter,andTest Method E1503.ANSI 12.18 provides a method of obtaining repeatable sound pressure levelmeasurements of the sound emitted by a source.This document differs in th
5、at atmospheric and groundeffects are not controlled.Thus,the results may not repeat if atmospheric conditions or groundconditions between the source and the measurement position change.This guide provides only amethod of accurately documenting the sound levels occurring at the measurement position a
6、t the timeof measurement.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the measurement of outdoor sounddue to a fixed sound source such as a siren,stationary pump,power plant,or music amphitheater.Procedures characterizethe location,sound level,spectral content,and temporalcharacteristics of that sound source at the
7、 time of measurement.Users should be aware that wind and temperature gradients cancause significant variations in sound levels beyond 300 m.With appropriate caution,the use of measurements resultingfrom this guide include but are not limited to:1.1.1 Assessing compliance with applicable regulations,
8、1.1.2 Monitoring the effectiveness of a noise reduction plan,1.1.3 Verifying the effectiveness of measures for mitigationof noise impact,1.1.4 Validating sound prediction models,and1.1.5 Obtaining source data for use in sound predictionmodels.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thes
9、afety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C634 Terminology Relating to Buil
10、ding and EnvironmentalAcousticsE1014 Guide for Measurement of Outdoor A-WeightedSound LevelsE1503 Test Method for Conducting Outdoor Sound Mea-surements Using a Digital Statistical Sound AnalysisSystem2.2 ANSI Standards:3S1.4 Specification for Sound Level MetersS1.11 Octave-band and Fractional Octav
11、e-band Analog andDigital Filters,Specifications forS1.13 Methods for the Measurement of Sound PressureLevels in AirS1.14 Recommendations For Specifying And Testing TheSusceptibility Of Acoustical Instruments To RadiatedRadiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields,25 Mhz To 1 Ghz1This guide is under the jur
12、isdiction of ASTM Committee E33 on Building andEnvironmentalAcoustics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.09 onCommunity Noise.Current edition approved May 1,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E178004.DOI:10.1520/E1780-12.
13、2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.4
14、3rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 S1.17 Microphone Windscreens-Part 1:Measurements andSpecification of Insertion Loss in Still or Slightly MovingAirS12.1 Guidelines for
15、the Preparation of Standard Proceduresto Determine the Noise Emission from SourcesS1.40 Specification for Verification Procedures for SoundCalibratorsS1.43 Specifications for Integrating-Averaging Sound LevelMetersS12.18 Procedures for Outdoor Measurement of Sound Pres-sure Level2.3 IEC Standard:461
16、6721 Electroacoustics-Sound Level Meters-Part 1:Specifications3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide including,butnot limited to,barrier,dummy microphone,equivalent soundlevel,Leq,impulse sound,interference,measurement plan,measurement set,noise floor,self-noise,and time averagesound level,see Terminology C634.3.2 fixed sourceany permanently installed equipment ca-pable of emitting sound on a regular basis such as a pump,power station,warning siren or sound amplification sy
