1、Designation:E184996(Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forFish and Wildlife Incident Monitoring and Reporting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1849;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revi
2、sion.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 State and Federal agencies as well as industry haverequested guidance for collecting,reporting,and interpretingfish and wildlife inc
3、ident data.This guide covers planning andcompleting a thorough investigation to determine an incidentscause.Recommendations for documenting and reporting inci-dents are provided.A summary of the information necessaryfor completing a risk assessment and information on how fishand wildlife incident da
4、ta are considered for regulatory deci-sions are also provided.1.2 Several agencies collect information and maintain data-bases regarding fish and wildlife incidents.A list of thesedatabases and the types of information they contain areincluded.Agencies with regulatory authority relating to fishand w
5、ildlife incidents are listed and laws pertaining to fish andwildlife incidents are summarized.1.3 For the purposes of this guide,a fish or wildlife incidentis defined as an allegation of an adverse effect on nontarget fishand wildlife species.By todays detecting standards,adverseeffects data are usu
6、ally limited to mortalities.However,asbiological monitoring improves,sublethal effects data may bemore readily quantifiable and reported.1.4 This guide is arranged as follows:SectionReferenced Documents2Terminology3Significance and Use4Laws and Regulations4.1Benefits of Maintaining Records4.2Ecologi
7、cal Risk Databases4.3Ecological Risk Assessments4.4Precautionary Steps and Safety5Determining the Cause of the Incident6Common Causes of Fish Mortality6.1Common Causes of Wildlife Mortality6.2Investigation of Incidents7Quality Control and Standard Operating Procedures7.1Planning Field Investigation7
8、.2Interagency Coordination7.3Chain of Custody7.4Comprehensive and Systematic Collection of Samplesand Information7.5Analyses of Samples7.6Analyses of Data7.7Determining Significance of Investigation7.8Reporting of Incidents8Format of Report8.1Documentation of Information8.2AppendixesReferences1.5 Th
9、e values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard.The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this stan
10、dard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 5.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingE729 Guide for Cond
11、ucting Acute Toxicity Tests on TestMaterials with Fishes,Macroinvertebrates,and Amphib-iansE943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-ronmental FateE1023 Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material toAquatic Organisms and Their UsesE1192 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aq
12、ue-ous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes,Macroinvertebrates,and AmphibiansE1241 Guide for Conducting Early Life-Stage Toxicity Testswith FishesE1295 Guide for Conducting Three-Brood,Renewal Toxic-ity Tests with Ceriodaphnia dubiaE1367 Test Method for Measuring the Toxicity of Sediment-Associ
13、ated Contaminants with Estuarine and Marine In-vertebrates1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E50 on EnvironmentalAssessment,Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil-ity of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate.Current edition
14、approved March 1,2013.Published May 2013.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E184996(2007).DOI:10.1520/E1849-96R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards v
15、olume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 E1391 Guide for Collection,Storage,Characterization,andManipulation of Sediments for Toxicological Testing a
16、ndfor Selection of Samplers Used to Collect Benthic Inver-tebratesE1463 Guide for Conducting Static and Flow-ThroughAcute Toxicity Tests With Mysids From the West Coast ofthe United StatesE1525 Guide for Designing Biological Tests with SedimentsE1705 Terminology Relating to Biotechnology3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This StandardThewords“must”,“should”,“may”,“can”,and“might”have veryspecific meanings in this guide.“Must”is used to express anabsolute requirement,that is,to sta
