1、Designation:D785313Standard Test Method forHydraulic Pullout Resistance of a Geomembrane withLocking Extensions Embedded in Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7853;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of rev
2、ision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the hy-draulic pullout resistance of a geomembrane with lock
3、ingextensions embedded in concrete by determining the pressurerequired for locking extensions of the embedded specimen topullout of the concrete.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation only and are not considered sta
4、ndard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced
5、 Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A1064 Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and WeldedWire Reinforcement,Plain and Deformed,for ConcreteC31 Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Speci-mens in the FieldC39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of CylindricalConcrete SpecimensC94 Specification for R
6、eady-Mixed ConcreteD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of SolidPlastics Specimens3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of terms applying to this test method appearin Terminology D4439.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A ge
7、omembrane with locking extensions on at least onesurface is embedded into concrete.The pullout resistance isdetermined by measuring the maximum pressure required toinitiate pullout of the locking extensions from the concrete.Alternatively,the geomembrane with locking extensions isembedded in concret
8、e and pressurized to a specified pressure toverify whether a minimum level of in-place strength has beenattained.5.Significance and Use5.1 Due to hydraulic pressure that may be present on someapplications,engineers need to understand the capability ofthese products to resist this pressure.This test
9、allows engineersto compare products and verify pullout strength.5.2 Hydraulic pullout resistance is a function of lockingextension dimensions,locking extension geometry,lockingextensions per area,locking extension polymer composition,and the properties of the concrete in which the lockingextensions
10、are embedded.5.3 The data from this test method provides comparativeinformation for rating hydraulic pullout resistance of differentgeomembranes with locking extensions embedded in concrete.Hydraulic pullout resistance,while partly dependent on lock-ing extension dimensions,has no simple correlation
11、 to lockingextension dimensions and geometry.Hence,hydraulic pulloutresistance cannot be determined with a small sample withoutpotentially producing misleading data to the actual hydraulicpullout resistance of the material.Therefore,the hydraulicpullout resistance is expressed in kPa(lbs/ft2).5.4 Th
12、e apparatus can be circular or square in nature musthave a test area of 0.36 m2(558 in.2).5.5 Fig.1 shows an example of a circular test apparatus thatcan be used in the performance of this test.The apparatusrequires a pressure vessel rated to a minimum 690 kPa(14 410lbs/ft2).The vessel test diameter
13、 should be a minimum of677.04 mm(26.655 in.)as shown in Fig.1.NOTE1Larger vessels may be used but it is up to user to establishcorrelation to the standard size vessel.The use of a smaller diameter vesselthan denoted in standard may contribute to higher pullout resistance dueto thickness or stiffness
14、 of some products.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechani-cal Properties.Current edition approved March 1,2013.Published March 2013.DOI:10.1520/D785313.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit th
15、e ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United Sta
16、tes1 5.6 Test Pedestalthe base of the testing apparatus whichholds the test specimen.5.7 Upper Flangeis the flange that is bolted down on topof specimen to create a seal.5.8 Formis an aluminum ring used to form test specimenas shown in Fig.2.5.9 Specimen Ringthe solid ring that is placed around testspecimen to contain leakage through the concrete.FIG.1 Picture of Circular test apparatusFIG.2 Bottom of Form with Studs facing up and cylinder spacerD7853 132 5.10 The vessel will have a system to me
