1、Designation:D770322Standard Practice forElectrical Leak Location on Exposed Geomembranes Usingthe Water Lance Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7703;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year o
2、f last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice is a performance-based standard for anelectrical method for locating leaks in exposed geomembranes.For clar
3、ity,this practice uses the term“leak”to mean holes,punctures,tears,knife cuts,seam defects,cracks,and similarbreaches in an installed geomembrane(as defined in 3.2.6).1.2 This practice can be used for geomembranes installed inbasins,ponds,tanks,ore and waste pads,landfill cells,landfillcaps,canals,a
4、nd other containment facilities.It is applicablefor geomembranes made of materials such as polyethylene,polypropylene,polyvinylchloride,chlorosulfonatedpolyethylene,bituminous geomembrane,and any other electri-cally insulating materials.This practice is best applicable forlocating geomembrane leaks
5、where the proper preparationshave been made during the construction of the facility.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated wit
6、h its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized prin
7、ciples on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
8、D6747 Guide for Selection of Techniques for Electrical LeakLocation of Leaks in GeomembranesD7002 Practice for Electrical Leak Location on ExposedGeomembranes Using the Water Puddle MethodD7953 Practice for Electrical Leak Location on ExposedGeomembranes Using the Arc Testing Method3.Terminology3.1
9、Definitions:3.1.1 For general definitions used in this practice,refer toTerminology D4439.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 artificial leak,nan electrical simulation of a leak ina geomembrane.3.2.2 conductive-backed geomembrane,na specialitygeomembrane manufactured using coext
10、rusion technology fea-turing an insulating layer in intimate contact with a conductivelayer.3.2.3 current,nthe flow of electricity or the flow ofelectric charge.3.2.4 electrical leak location,na method which useselectrical current or electrical potential to locate leaks in ageomembrane.3.2.5 functio
11、nality testing,nfor the purposes of thispractice,functionality testing is a demonstration of the abilityto detect an artificial or actual leak using the proposedequipment settings and survey procedures.3.2.6 leak,nfor the purposes of this practice,a leak is anyunintended opening,perforation,breach,s
12、lit,tear,puncture,crack,or seam breach.Significant amounts of liquids or solidsmay or may not flow through a leak.Scratches,gouges,dents,or other aberrations that do not completely penetrate thegeomembrane are not considered to be leaks.Type of leaksdetected during surveys include,but are not limite
13、d to:burns,circular holes,linear cuts,seam defects,tears,punctures,andmaterial defects.3.2.7 poor contact condition,nfor the purposes of thispractice,a poor contact condition means that a leak is not inintimate contact with the conductive layer above or underneaththe geomembrane to be tested.This oc
14、curs on a wrinkle or1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.Current edition approved July 1,2022.Published July 2022.Originally approvedin 2011.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D
15、7703 16.DOI:10.1520/D7703-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr
16、 Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1wave,under the overlap flap of a fusion weld,in an area ofliner bridging,and in an area where there is a subgraded
