1、Designation:D711212Standard Test Method forDetermining Stability and Compatibility of Heavy Fuel Oilsand Crude Oils by Heavy Fuel Oil Stability Analyzer(OpticalDetection)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7112;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers an automated procedure involv-ing titratio
3、n and optical detection of precipitated asphaltenesfor determining the stability and compatibility parameters ofrefinery residual streams,residual fuel oils,and crude oils.Stability in this context is the ability to maintain asphaltenes ina peptized or dissolved state and not undergo flocculation or
4、precipitation.Similarly,compatibility relates to the property ofmixing two or more oils without precipitation or flocculation ofasphaltenes.1.2 This test method is applicable to residual products fromatmospheric and vacuum distillation,from thermal,catalytic,and hydrocracking processes,to products t
5、ypical of Specifica-tions D396,Grades No.5L,5H,and 6,and D2880,Grades No.3-GT and 4-GT,and to crude oils,providing these productscontain 0.05 mass%or greater concentration of asphaltenes.1.3 This test method is not relevant to oils that contain lessthan 0.05%asphaltenes,and would be pointless to app
6、ly tounstable oils that already contain flocculated asphaltenes.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is ther
7、esponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D396 Specification for Fuel OilsD2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel OilsD4057 Practi
8、ce for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum,PetroleumProducts,and LubricantsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluat
9、e AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6560 Test Method for Determination of Asphaltenes(Hep-tane Insolubles)in Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Prod-ucts3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of some terms used in this test method,such as crude oil,repeatability,reproducibility,and res
10、idualfuel oil,refer to Terminology D4175.3.1.2 asphaltenes,n(rarely used in the singular),in petro-leum technology,represent an oil fraction that is soluble in aspecified aromatic solvent but separates upon addition of anexcess of a specified paraffinic solvent.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIn this test method,
11、the aromatic sol-vent is xylene and the paraffinic solvent is n-heptane.3.1.3 compatibility,nof crude oils and of heavy fuel oils,the ability of two or more crude oils or fuel oils to be blendedtogether within specified ratios without evidence of separation,such as flocculation or separation of asph
12、altenes.3.1.4 flocculation,nof asphaltenes in crude oils or heavyfuel oils,the aggregation of colloidally dispersed asphaltenesinto larger,visible masses that may or may not settle.3.1.5 stability reserve,nof crude oils,heavy fuel oils,andresidual streams containing asphaltenes,the property of an oi
13、lto maintain asphaltenes in a peptized(colloidally dispersed)state and prevent their flocculation when stored or whenblended with other oils.3.1.5.1 DiscussionAn oil with a high stability reserve canbe stored for a long period of time or blended with a range ofother oils without flocculation of asph
14、altenes.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved Nov.1,2012.Published February 2013.Originallyapprove
15、d in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D711209.DOI:10.1520/D7112-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onth
16、e ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aromatic solvent equivalent(xylene equivalent),SE,nthe lowest aromatic solvent(xylene)content,expressed asa volume%,in a mixture containing aromatic and paraffinicsolvents(xylene and n-heptane)which,when mixed with oil,will not result in flocculation of
