1、Designation:D617298(Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forDetermining the Volume of Bulk Materials Using Contoursor Cross Sections Created by Direct Operator CompilationUsing Photogrammetric Procedures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6172;the number immediately following the d
2、esignation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures
3、 concerning sitepreparation,technical procedures,quality control,and equip-ment to direct the efforts for determining volumes of bulkmaterial.These procedures include practical and acceptedmethods of volumetric determination.1.2 This test method allows for only two volume computa-tion methods.1.2.1
4、Contour Test MethodSee 8.1.1 and 9.1.1.2.2 Cross-Section Test MethodSee 8.1.2 and 9.21.2.3 This test method requires direct operator compilationfor both contours and cross-section development.1.2.4 The use of Digital Terrain Model software and proce-dures to create contours or cross sections for vol
5、ume calcula-tion is NOT encompassed in this test method.NOTE1Atask group has been established to develop a test method forDigital Terrain Modeling(DTM)procedures.It will address all knowndata collection procedures such as conventional ground survey,photogrammetry,geodetic positioning satellite(GPS),
6、and so forth.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.Within the text,theSI units are shown in parentheses.The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents;therefore,each system is usedindependently of the other.Combining values f
7、rom the twosystems can result in nonconformance with the specification.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the a
8、pplica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 base mapa map showing the soil surface of a siteused for material storage including control monument locationsand values and surface elevations.2.1.2 calibration forms/reportseq
9、uipment calibrationsperformed by federal agencies or equipment manufacturers.2.1.3 check panela target used for the sole purpose ofmarking a point on the surface of the stockpile whose value isused to verify the setup of the stereo model.2.1.4 check pointtargeted points within the stockpile areafor
10、the purpose of checking the accuracy of the photogramme-try.Elevations are established by ground surveying at thesepoints.Points should be evenly spaced at various differentelevations in the stockpile.2.1.5 ground controlsurveyor provided xyz values of tar-gets or specific points near the project ar
11、ea necessary to scaleand level the stereo model.2.1.6 monumenta ground control point used to be areference position of survey values.2.1.7 peripheral materialmaterial existing within the sitethat is above the recognized base and outside of the obviousstockpile perimeter.2.1.8 stereo modelthe overlap
12、ping area covered by twoadjacent aerial photographs used to create measurement obser-vation.2.1.9 stereo operatora person who is trained and compe-tent to make quality measurement observations from aerialphotographs,using a stereo instrument,for the purpose ofcreating volume computations.2.1.10 ster
13、eo report forma formal document that displayspertinent information required to evaluate and reestablish thestereo model setup parameters.2.1.11 sweepsrepetitive traverse of a pile,by equipment,to create a cleaner geometric shape.2.1.12 targeta geometric shape of contrasting color usedto mark a groun
14、d feature such as a monument,or check pointthat otherwise would not be visible on the aerial photograph.2.1.13 topographic mapa drawing that uses contours todefine graphically the shape of a surface.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coaland Coke and is the direct r
15、esponsibility of Subcommittee D05.07 on PhysicalCharacteristics of Coal.Current edition approved Sept.1,2010.Published January 2011.Originallypublished approved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2004 asD617298(2004).DOI:10.1520/D6172-98R10.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,P
16、O Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.Summary of Test Method3.1 Contour Test MethodThe contour test method is thehorizontal slice method of determining volume.After creatinga new contour map of the pile,the cubic volume is computedby averaging the areas of adjacent contours and multiplying bythe vertical distance between them.See 9.1.3.2 Cross-Section Test MethodThe cross-section testmethod is the vertical slice method of determining volume.Using elevations obtained in para
