1、Designation:D461892(Reapproved 2017)Standard Specification forDesign and Fabrication of Flue Gas Desulfurization SystemComponents for Protective Lining Application1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4618;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、 adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers the design and fabrication ofmetal components fo
3、r flue gas desulfurization(FGD)equipment,including absorbers,tanks,chimney liners,duct-work and associated equipment that are to be lined forcorrosion or abrasion resistance,or both.1.2 Limitations:1.2.1 This specification is intended only to define the designconsiderations for successful applicatio
4、n and performance ofprotective linings for FGD system components.1.2.2 It does not cover structural performance of FGDcomponents.1.2.3 It does not cover use of metallic linings.1.3 This specification represents the minimum requirementsfor lining work.In cases in which the manufacturers instruc-tions
5、 and recommendations differ from this specification,thesedifferences shall be resolved before fabrication is started.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlya
6、nd are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulator
7、y limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organiz
8、ation TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Design/Engineering Requirements2.1 Rigidity:2.1.1 The components shall be designed so that the interiormetal surfaces are sufficiently rigid for the intended liningmaterials.Manufacturers recommendations for maximumstrains or deflection limits for the
9、 lining material shall befollowed.2.1.2 The weight of the lining system shall be considered inthe structural design of the component.2.1.3 The design shall consider the effects of pressure,wind,seismic and other design loads.2.1.4 Vibration may cause flexing or high surface strains onthe lining.This
10、 is of particular concern to rigid lining materialsand shall be minimized.2.1.5 Special consideration shall be given to all conditionsof potentially excessive strain such as unsupported bottomareas,oil-canning,out of roundness,sidewall-to-bottom joints,and so forth.2.1.5.1 Where a component is on a
11、concrete foundation,grouting shall be done if necessary to correct unsupportedbottom areas.2.1.5.2 Sand fill shall not be used for bottom support unlessprovisions are made to ensure that the sand cannot be lost as aresult of erosion.2.2 Accessibility:2.2.1 All interior surfaces of the components sha
12、ll bedesigned to be readily accessible for welding,grinding,surfacepreparation,and lining application.2.2.2 The minimum manway size for a working entranceduring lining application shall be 36 in.(900 mm)in diameteror 24 in.(600 mm)width by 36 in.(900 mm)height.2.2.2.1 Closed components shall have a
13、minimum of twomanways,one near the top and one near the bottom,preferablylocated 180 apart to facilitate adequate ventilation for work-ers.2.2.2.2 Additional or larger openings may be required tofacilitate ventilation and material handling.The lining materialapplicator should be consulted for specif
14、ic requirements.2.3 Shell Penetrations:2.3.1 Openings such as,inlets,manholes,and outlet nozzlesshall be flush with the interior wall.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 onProtective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the directresponsibili
15、ty of Subcommittee D33.09 on Protective Lining forAir Quality ControlSystems.Current edition approved Sept.1,2017.Published September 2017.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4618 92(2010).DOI:10.1520/D4618-92R17.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO
16、 Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 2.3.1.1 Inlet nozzles may extend into vessels if incomingfluids will be detrimental to lining materials.2.3.2 Any exterior or int
