1、Designation:D3689/D3689M22Standard Test Methods forDeep Foundation Elements Under Static Axial Tensile Load1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3689/D3689M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of
2、last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The test methods described in this standard measure theaxial deflection of an individual vertical or inclined deepfoundatio
3、n element or group of elements when loaded in staticaxial tension.These methods apply to all types of deepfoundations,or deep foundation systems,as they are practicalto test.The individual components of which are referred toherein as elements that function as,or in a manner similar to,drilled shafts
4、;cast-in-place piles(augered cast-in-place piles,barrettes,and slurry walls);driven piles,such as pre-castconcrete piles,timber piles or steel sections(steel pipes or wideflange beams);or any number of other element types,regard-less of their method of installation.Although the test methodsmay be us
5、ed for testing single elements or element groups,thetest results may not represent the long-term performance of theentire deep foundation system.A summary of the test methodsis contained in Section 4.1.2 This standard provides minimum requirements for test-ing deep foundation elements under static a
6、xial tensile load.Project plans,specifications,provisions,or any combinationthereof may provide additional requirements and procedures asneeded to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program.The engineer in charge of the foundation design,referred toherein as the foundation engineer,shall ap
7、prove anydeviations,deletions,or additions to the requirements of thisstandard.(Exception:the test load applies to the testingapparatus shall not exceed the rated capacity established by theengineer who designed the testing apparatus.)1.3 Apparatus and procedures herein designated“optional”may produ
8、ce different test results and may be used only whenapproved by the foundation engineer.The word“shall”indi-cates a mandatory provision,and the word“should”indicatesa recommended or advisory provision.Imperative sentencesindicate mandatory provisions.1.4 The foundation engineer should interpret the t
9、est resultsobtained from the procedures of this standard to predict theactual performance and adequacy of elements used in theconstructed foundation.1.5 An engineer qualified to perform such work shall designand approve all loading apparatus,loaded members,andsupport frames.The foundation engineer s
10、hall design orspecify the test procedures.The text of this standard referencesnotes and footnotes which provide explanatory material.Thesenotes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shallnot be considered requirements of the standard.This standardalso includes illustrations and appendi
11、ces intended only forexplanatory or advisory use.1.6 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values fr
12、om the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is usedwhen dealing with inch-pound units.In this system,the poundlbf represents a unit of force weight,while the unit for massis slug.The rationalized slug unit is not given,unless dy
13、namicF=ma calculations are involved.1.8 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.The procedure used to specify how data arecollected,recorded and calculated in this standard are regardedas the industry standard
14、.In addition,they are representative ofthe significant digits that should generally be retained.Theprocedures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce s
15、ignificant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analysismethods for engineering data.1.9 The method used to specify how data are collected,calculated,or recorded in this standard is not direc
16、tly related tothe accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or otheruses,or both.How one applies the results obtained using thisstandard is beyond its scope.1.10 This standard offers an organized collection of infor-mation or a series of options and does not recommend a1These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.11 on DeepFoundations.Current edition approved Jan.1,2022.Published February 2022.
