1、Designation:D323118Standard Test Method forPhosphorus in Gasoline1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3231;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates t
2、he year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of phospho-rus generally present as pentaval
3、ent phosphate esters or salts,or both,in gasoline.This test method is applicable for thedetermination of phosphorus in the range from 0.2 mg to 40 mgP/L or 0.0008 g to 0.15 g P/U.S.gal.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses after SI units arep
4、rovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine
5、the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warning statements,see Section 6 and 9.5.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of I
6、nternational Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Au
7、tomatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceE832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers3.Summary of Test Method3.1 Organic matter in the sample is d
8、ecomposed by ignitionin the presence of zinc oxide.The residue is dissolved insulfuric acid and reacted with ammonium molybdate andhydrazine sulfate.The absorbance of the Molybdenum Bluecomplex is proportional to the phosphorus concentration in thesample and is read at approximately 820 nm in a 5 cm
9、 cell.4.Significance and Use4.1 Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertorsused in automotive emission control systems,and its leveltherefore is kept low.5.Apparatus5.1 Buret,10 mL capacity,0.05 mL subdivisions.5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath,equipped to hold several100 mL volumetric flask
10、s submerged to the mark.Bath musthave a large enough reservoir or heat capacity to keep thetemperature at 82.2 C to 87.8 C(180 F to 190 F)during theentire period of sample heating.NOTE1If the temperature of the hot water bath drops below 82.2 C(180 F),the color development cannot be complete.5.3 Coo
11、ling Bath,equipped to hold several 100 mL volu-metric flasks submerged to the mark in ice water.5.4 Filter Paper,for quantitative analysis,Class G for fineprecipitates as defined in Specification E832.5.5 Ignition DishCoors porcelain evaporating dish,glazedinside and outside,with pourout(Size No.00A
12、,diameter75 mm,capacity 70 mL).5.6 Spectrophotometer,equipped with a tungsten lamp,ared-sensitive phototube capable of operating at 830 nm andwith absorption cells that have a 5 cm light path.5.7 Thermometer,ASTM 34C or 34F,range from 25 C to105 C(77 F to 221 F).NOTE2Other temperature measuring devi
13、ces,such as thermocouplesor resistance thermometers,may be used when the temperature readingsobtained by these devices are determined to produce the same results thatare obtained when mercury-in-glass thermometers are used.The precision1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D0
14、2 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved April 1,2018.Published April 2018.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D3231 13.DOI:10.1520/D3231-18.2For reference
15、d ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM
16、International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 and bias given in Section 12 may or may not apply in such cases since thepublished precisio
