1、Designation:D 3436 99Standard Practice forSampling and Handling Aniline1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3436;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indi
2、cates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling and han-dling aniline.1.2 Any person sampling or handling aniline should havespecific first aid instructions and equipm
3、ent available for use inthe event of personal contact or exposure.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applic
4、a-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see Sections 3,4,5,6,7 and 8.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals22.2Other Documents:OSHA Regulations,29 CFR,paragraphs 1910.1000 and1910.12003DOT Regulations,49 CFR,Sub
5、chapter C;Parts 171-18033.Description of Product3.1 Typical Properties and Characteristics(See Table 1):3.2 StabilityAniline is a stable material under normalconditions.It does not decompose at its boiling point or whenexposed to high environmental temperatures for long periods.Although the vapor gi
6、ven off at elevated temperatures isflammable,aniline can be handled with little danger of fire.Should aniline ignite,it may be successfully extinguished withwater,applied in the form of a fog or spray(see 4.2).3.3 SolubilityAniline is miscible with alcohol,ether,ben-zene,and most organic solvents.It
7、 is only slightly soluble inwater.3.4 Classification and Regulations:3.4.1 Aniline is classified as a Class 6 Poison by DOT andthe United Nations.As such,it must be packaged in DOTspecification containers when shipped by rail,water,or high-way,and all of the DOT Regulations regarding loading,unloadi
8、ng,handling,labeling,and other functions must befollowed.3.4.2 Department of Transportation(DOT)Regulations re-garding the shipping of this chemical are specified in 49CFR.Regulations include the handling of aniline packages andreturn of empty containers.All containers should carry anidentifying lab
9、el or stencil and must bear the DOT POISONlabel.Aniline is ordinarily transported in tank cars,tank trucks,or metal drums.Sample shipped by air must be packaged tocomply with IATA regulations.3.5 ToxicityAlthough aniline is highly toxic,it may behandled safely if proper precautions are observed.The
10、odor ofaniline can be positively detected at 1.1 ppm in the atmosphereby 50%of people.4Avoid contact with skin.Maintain ad-equate ventilation.4.Hazards4.1 Consult current OSHA regulations,suppliers MaterialSafety Data Sheets,and local regulations for all materialsutilized in this practice.4.2 Health
11、:4.2.1 Aniline is highly toxic and may enter the body easilyand rapidly by absorption through the skin,by ingestion,or by1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on AromaticHydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D16.08 on Handling a
12、nd Sampling Aromatic and Cyclic Hydrocarbons.Current edition approved June 10,1999.Published August 1999.Originallypublished as D 3436 75.Last previous edition D 3436 96.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.05.3Available from Superintendent of Documents,Government Printing Office,Washington,DC 2040
13、2.4“Odor as an Aid to Chemical Safety:Odor Thresholds Compared withThreshold Limit Values and Volatilities for 214 Industrial Chemicals in Air andWater Dilution,”Journal of Applied Toxicology,August 1983.TABLE 1 Typical Properties and Characteristics of AnilineChemical namesaniline,aminobenzene,benz
14、enamine,phenyl-amineCommon namesaniline,aniline oil blue-oilEmpirical formulaC6H5NH2Physical formoily liquid at normal temperatureColorcolorless to light yellow(clear)Light sensitivitytends to become amber brown in color uponexposure to air and lightBoiling point184.2C(364F)at 760 mm HgSpecific grav
15、ity1.022 at 20/4CSolidification point,anhydrousbasis,min6.2C(21F)Explosive limit lower1.3 volume%in airFlash pointClosed cup70.0C(158F)Open cup75.6C(168F)Ignition temperature1418FAOdor threshold0.5 ppmAPoisonous gas producedwhen heatedAAWeiss,G.Hazardous Chemicals Data Book,Second Edition.1Copyright
16、 ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.inhalation of the vapor.The most common incidences ofaccidental poisoning are due to spillage of the liquid on theskin or clothing resulting in direct skin contact or the prolongedinhalation of vapor because of inadequate ventilation.4.2.2 Aniline causes the oxygen-carrying pigment in theblood,hemoglobin,to change to a form known as methemo-globin;thus the ability of the blood to transport oxygen
