1、Designation:D431010(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies ofInhibited Mineral Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4310;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of
2、revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate thetendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbi
3、ne lubri-cants and mineral oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrodecopper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation inthe presence of oxygen,water,and copper and iron metals at anelevated temperature.The test method is also used for testingcirculating oils having a specific gravity les
4、s than that of waterand containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.NOTE1During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil,waterand sludge phases were measured.However,the values for the total ironwere found to be so low(that is,below 0.8 mg),that statistical analysiswas inappropriate.The results o
5、f the cooperative test program areavailable(see Section 16).1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils isdetermined by following the acid number of oil.The number oftest hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of2.0 mg
6、 KOH/g is the oxidation lifetime.1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determina-tion and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amountof copper in the oil,water,and sludge phases.Procedure Brequires the sludge determination only.The acid numberdetermination is optional for both
7、 procedures.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits
8、vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information.Users should be
9、aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety
10、 and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see Section 7 and X1.1.5.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rodsand Coarse Round Wire,Carbon SteelB1 Specification
11、for Hard-Drawn Copper WireD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oilsand AdditivesD943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of InhibitedMineral OilsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3339 Test Method
12、 forAcid Number of Petroleum Productsby Semi-Micro Color Indicator TitrationD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers2.2 Energy Institute Standard:3Specification for IP Standard Thermometers2.3 British Standard:4BS 182
13、9 Reference Tables for Iron v.Constantan Thermo-couples3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.09.0C on Oxidation of Turbine Oils.Current editio
14、n approved Oct.1,2015.Published December 2015.Originallyapproved in 1983.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4310 10.DOI:10.1520/D4310-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards v
15、olume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Energy Institute,61 New Cavendish St.,London,W1G 7AR,U.K.,http:/www.energyinst.org.4Available from British Standards Institution(BSI),389 Chiswick High Rd.,London W4 4AL,U.K.,http:/.Copyright ASTM Inter
16、national,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.1 sludgea precipitate or sediment from oxidized min-eral oil and water.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 An oil sample is contacted with oxygen in the presenceof water and an iron-copper catalyst at 95 C for 1000 h.Theweight of insoluble material is determined gravimetrically byfiltration of the oxidation tube contents through 5 m pore sizefilter disks.The total amount of copper in the oil,water,andsludge pha
