1、Designation:D407306(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forTensile-Tear Strength of Bituminous Roofing Membranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4073;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of l
2、ast revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile-tear strength of bituminous roofing membranes.1.2 The values stated
3、 in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and heal
4、th practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by DistillationD2829 Practice for Sampling and Analysis of ExistingBuilt-Up Roof SystemsD3617 Practic
5、e for Sampling andAnalysis of Built-Up RoofSystems During Application3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The tensile-tear strength of a membrane in both longi-tudinal and transverse directions is determined by measuringthe maximum load when notched specimens of specific dimen-sions are tested to failure at
6、an arbitrary,fixed,tensile strainrate.4.Significance and Use4.1 Determining the tensile-tear strength of laboratory andfield samples of roofing membranes should be useful indeveloping performance criteria,and as one basis for compari-son of different materials and systems.The effects oftemperature,m
7、oisture,and aging may be evaluated by appro-priate selection of field samples or conditioning of laboratorysamples,and tests may be conducted in an environmentalchamber.5.Apparatus5.1 Testing Machine Universal or standard testing ma-chine with automatic load and strain recording equipment,capable of
8、 cross-head movement at a constant rate of 2.54mm/min(0.100 in./min).5.2 GripsSelf-aligning grips or clamps for holding the testspecimen between the stationary member and the movablemember or cross-head of the testing machine.Jaw faces of thegrips shall be 75 mm(3.0 in.)wide by 50 mm(2.0 in.)deep,sh
9、all provide uniform clamping pressure,and shall preventslippage of the specimen during test.5.3 Environmental ChamberAn insulated chamber withheating and cooling capabilities,designed to enclose the testspecimen and clamps so that the temperature may be controlledduring a test.6.Sampling6.1 Field Sa
10、mples Field samples shall be taken in accor-dance with Practice D2829 or D3617 but of a size suitable toprovide sufficient material for testing in both the machine andcross-machine directions.In cases where field applied aggre-gate is in place,it shall be removed with a hot scraper such asa putty kn
11、ife without damaging the top felt.In cases where theinsulation facer is a part of the membrane system it should beincluded and so reported.6.2 Laboratory Samples:6.2.1 Condition all components at 23 6 2C(74 6 4F)and50 6 5%relative humidity for a minimum of 72 h prior toconstructing the membrane samp
12、le.6.2.2 Prepare sample membranes approximately 300 by 500mm(12 by 20 in.)as required by the roof specifications beingtested,exclusive of aggregate.6.2.3 The quantity of bitumen in any layer shall be within10%of the quantity specified and the entire sample shall bewithin 5%.(These requirements apply
13、 to laboratory preparedsamples only.)1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 onRoofing Membrane Systems.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published May 2013.Originallyapproved in 1981.Last
14、previous edition approved in 2006 as D4073 06.DOI:10.1520/D4073-06R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM webs
15、ite.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.Test Specimen7.1 Cut at least three test specimens,in each orientation tobe tested,of the laboratory prepared or field sampled mem-brane with a die or a sharp razor-knife using a metal
16、 templateto produce the shape shown in Fig.1.Machine-direction(MD)test specimens shall be oriented with the long dimension of thetest specimen parallel to machine direction.Cross-machine-direction(CMD)test specimens shall be oriented with the longdimension of the test specimen parallel to cross-machinedirection.7.2 Specimens shall contain in the notch area(see Fig.1)theminimum number of plies specified for the membrane.8.Conditioning8.1 Maintain specimens cut from field samples“asreceived,”or co
