1、Designation:D232098(Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forDensity(Relative Density)of Solid Pitch(PycnometerMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2320;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year
2、of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of density andrelative density by pycnometer,and can be used for pitch thatcan
3、 be handled in fragments.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this stand
4、ard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4296 Practice for Sampling PitchE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.
5、1.1 densitythe mass per unit of volume at a standard testtemperature.3.1.2 relative densitythe ratio of the mass of a givenvolume of the material at a standard test temperature to that ofan equal volume of water at the same temperature.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is weighed and its volume
6、 determined bythe mass of water displaced.5.Significance and Use5.1 Values of density and relative density are used forconverting volumes to units of mass as required in otherASTMstandards and in sales transactions.6.Apparatus6.1 Glass Pycnometer,capacity about 25 mL,with accu-rately fitting glass s
7、topper with a capillary tube 1.0 to 2.0 mmin diameter.6.2 Water Bath,maintained at 25.0 6 0.1C and providedwith mechanical stirring.6.3 Vacuum Pump or Aspirator,capable of producing avacuum of 2.7 kPa(20 torr).NOTE120 torr=20 mm Hg=2.66 kPa.6.4 Manometer,suitable for measuring the specifiedvacuum.6.
8、5 Vacuum Desiccator with Guard.6.6 Sieves,U.S.Standard 2.36-mm(No.8)and 600-m(No.30)conforming to Specification E11.7.Reagents and Materials7.1 Wetting Agent,0.1 g/mL Aerosol OT.7.2 Wetting Agent,0.1 g/mL BRU 35(Alyoxyethylenedodecyl ether,detergent.8.Bulk Sampling8.1 Samples from shipments shall be
9、 taken in accordancewith Practice D4296 and shall be free of foreign substances.Thoroughly mix the sample immediately before removing arepresentative portion for the determination or for dehydration.9.Dehydration9.1 All bulk samples suspected of having free moisture shallbe air-dried or oven-dried a
10、t 50C in a forced-air oven beforeanalyzing.10.Preparation of Test Sample10.1 Crush a 50 to 100-g representative portion of the drypitch until all of it passes through the 2.36-mm(No.8)sieve.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is t
11、he direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.05 on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved Nov.1,2012.Published November 2012.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D232098(2012).DOI:10.1520/D2320-98R12.2For referenced ASTM standar
12、ds,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959
13、.United States1 Avoid grinding the pitch.Remove the fines by screeningthrough the 600-m(No.30)sieve and use the pitch retainedon this sieve as the test sample.If desired,small lumps of pitchmay be used without crushing,provided the lumps pass the2.36-mm sieve and are retained on the 600-m sieve.In e
14、ithercase,follow the evacuation steps described in 12.2.In case ofdispute use the crushing method.11.Calibration of Pycnometer11.1 Weigh the thoroughly clean,dry,and assembled pyc-nometer to the nearest 0.5 mg and record the mass.11.2 Fill the pycnometer with freshly boiled distilled waterthat has b
15、een cooled to about 20C.Insert the stopper with arotary motion to secure a firm seat,making sure that no air isentrapped,then completely immerse the pycnometer in thewater bath at 25C for a minimum of 30 min.Remove andwipe the filled pycnometer as described in 12.4;then immedi-ately weigh to the nea
16、rest 0.5 mg.Remove the stopper andrepeat the operations until three successive weighings agreewithin 0.5 mg.Record the average mass of the pycnometerwith water.12.Procedure12.1 Place not less than 5 g of the prepared crushed or lumpsample in the dry,tared pycnometer and weigh with the stopperto the nearest 0.5 mg.Record the mass.Cover the pitch to adepth of about 10 mm with freshly boiled distilled water cooledto a temperature of about 20C.Add several drops of a stocksolution of Aerosol OT conta
