1、Designation:C 435 93(Reapproved 1999)Standard Classification ofSteel Pouring Pit Fireclay Refractories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 435;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revisio
2、n.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This classification covers certain fire-clay refractoriesfor steel pouring pit service.It covers only burned productsmade by the usual
3、 processes of manufacture.The purpose ofthis classification is to describe the various classes and types ofmaterials in accordance with the normal and characteristicproperties that are important in their use.1.2This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated wit
4、h its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity,Water Absorp-tion,Apparent Spe
5、cific Gravity,and Bulk Density ofBurned Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water2C 24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent(PCE)ofFireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials2C 113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory Brick2C 133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus
6、 of Rupture of Refractories2C 605 Test Method for Reheat Change of Fireclay Nozzlesand Sleeves23.Significance and Use3.1 This classification is important for the purpose ofcontrolling the properties of steel pouring pit fireclay refracto-ries during their manufacture,for use in specifying properties
7、for purchasing these types of refractories and as a guide for thecontrol of the quality of these refractories by the consumer.4.Basis of Classification4.1 For the purpose of this classification,pouring pit refrac-tories are divided into the following three different classes:4.1.1 Nozzles,4.1.2 Sleev
8、es,and4.1.3 Ladle brick.4.2 Each class is further divided into Types A,B,and C.5.Properties5.1 The properties required for compliance with a class ortype are shown in Table 1.6.Test Specimens6.1 Testing for compliance with this classification shall beperformed on specimens selected at random.The num
9、ber ofspecimens required for the test sample is given in Table 1.7.Test Methods7.1 The properties enumerated in this classification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following ASTM methods:7.1.1 Pyrometric Cone Equivalent(PCE)Test MethodC 24.7.1.2 Apparent PorosityTest Methods C 20.7.1.3 Reh
10、eat Test for Ladle BrickTest Method C 113,using Schedule E for TypeA,Schedule D for Type B,ScheduleC and Schedule F for Type C.7.1.4 Reheat Linear Change for Sleeves and NozzlesTestMethod C 605.7.1.5 Modulus of Rupture for Ladle Brick Test MethodsC 133.8.Retests8.1 Because of variables resulting fro
11、m sampling and thelack of satisfactory reproducibility in tests conducted bydifferent laboratories,the material may be resampled andretested when requested by either the manufacturer or thepurchaser.This may apply in instances when the first testresults do not conform to the requirements prescribed
12、in thisclassification.The final results to be used shall be the averageof at least two sets of results,each of which has been obtainedby following in detail the specified testing procedures.9.Keywords9.1 fireclay ladle brick;fireclay nozzles;fireclay sleeves;pouring pit refractories1This classificat
13、ion is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.07 on Alumina,Silica,and Special Refractories.Current edition approved June 15,1993.Published August 1993.Originallypublished as C 435 70.Last previous edition C 435 84(1988).2Annu
14、al Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.01.1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.NOTICE:This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.Contact ASTM International(www.astm.org)for the latest information.The American Societ
15、y for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights,and the risk of infringement of such righ
16、ts,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your commen
