1、Designation:C119714aStandard Test Method forIn Situ Measurement of Masonry Deformability PropertiesUsing the Flatjack Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1197;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,th
2、e year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method describes an in situ method fordetermining the deformation properties of existing unrein-forced
3、 solid-unit masonry.(See Note 1.)This test methodconcerns the measurement of in-situ masonry deformabilityproperties in existing masonry by use of thin,bladder-likeflatjack devices that are installed in cut mortar joints in themasonry wall.This test method provides a relatively non-destructive means
4、 of determining masonry properties.NOTE1Solid-unit masonry is that built with stone,concrete,or clayunits whose net area is equal to or greater than 75%of the gross area.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversion
5、s to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and de
6、termine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C1180 Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit MasonryC1232 Terminology of MasonryE74 Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instrumentsfor Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Machin
7、es3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 shim,nitem inserted into a flatjack slot prior totesting to minimize the inflation of the test flatjack.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe use of shims may be necessaryduring testing to achieve a tight fit of the flatjack in the slot andto e
8、nsure uniform transfer of pressure(stress)to the masonryover the complete area of the flatjack.SeeAnnexA1 for furtherdiscussion on allowable types of shims.3.1.2 spacer,nmetal plate used in the calibration processto control flatjack thickness.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test meth
9、odrefer to Terminology C1180 for mortar and grout and Termi-nology C1232 for masonry.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Two flatjacks inserted into parallel slots,one above theother,in a solid-unit masonry wall are pressurized thusinducing compressive stress on the masonry between them.The installation is
10、shown in Fig.1.By gradually increasing theflatjack pressure and measuring the deformation of the ma-sonry between the flatjacks,load-deformation(stress-strain)properties may be obtained.Maximum compressive strengthsmay be measured in certain cases.5.Significance and Use5.1 Deformation and strength p
11、roperties are measured onlyon the masonry between flatjacks.Boundary effects of thecollar joint behind the wythe tested and adjacent masonry areneglected.In the case of multi-wythe masonry,deformability isestimated only in the wythe in which the flatjack is inserted.Deformability of other wythes may
12、 be different.6.Apparatus6.1 Flatjack:6.1.1 Aflatjack is a thin envelope-like bladder with inlet andoutlet ports which may be pressurized with hydraulic fluid.Flatjacks may be of any shape in plan,and are designed to becompatible with the masonry being tested.For determiningload-deformation properti
13、es of masonry,flatjacks are typicallyrectangular or semi-rectangular as shown in Fig.2.6.1.2 For determination of the state of compressive stress,dimension A should be equal to or greater than the length of asingle masonry unit,but not less than 8 in.(200 mm).Dimension B should be equal to or greate
14、r than the thicknessof one wythe and not less than 3 in.(75 mm).The radius,R,for1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.04 on Research.Current edition approved Dec.1,2014.Published December 201
15、4.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1197 14.DOI:10.1520/C1197-14A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Docum
16、ent Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 circular and semi-rectangular flatjacks shall be equal to theradius of the circular saw blade used to cut the slot.6.1.3 Flatjacks shall be made of metal or other material suchthat the flatjack in a slot in masonry will be capable of applyingoperating pressures up to the expected maximum
