1、Designation:B44012Standard Specification forCadmium1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B440;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
2、 reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab,ball or stick form.1.2 ToxicityWarning:Soluble and respirable forms ofcadmium may be harmful to human health and the environmentin
3、 certain forms and concentrations.Therefore,ingestion andinhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appro-priate regulations of the U.S.Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration(OSHA).Cadmium-containing alloys and coat-ings should not be used on articles that will contact food orbeverag
4、es,or for dental and other equipment that is normallyinserted in the mouth.Similarly,if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded,soldered,brazed,ground,“flame-cut,”or otherwise heated during fabrication,adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupationalcadmium expo
5、sure below the OSHA Permissible ExposureLevel(PEL).1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport
6、to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer,to establi
7、sh appropriatesafety and health practices,and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Al-loysE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Spe
8、cificationsE88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys inCast Form for Determination of Chemical CompositionE396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of CadmiumE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System(UNS)3.Terminology3.1 Terms shall be defined in accorda
9、nce with TerminologyB899.4.Ordering Information4.1 Orders for cadmium under this specification shall in-clude the following information:4.1.1 ASTM designation,4.1.2 Quantity(weight),4.1.3 Grade(Table 1),and4.1.4 Shape and size(Section 7).5.Materials and Manufacture5.1 The cadmium shall be furnished
10、in commercial standardforms or shapes requested by purchaser.6.Chemical Requirements6.1 The cadmium supplied shall conform to the require-ments of Table 1 for one of the three grades.7.Shape and Size7.1 Various forms and sizes of commercially availablecadmium are:FormShape and SizeBallSpherical,abou
11、t 2 in.(50.8 mm)in diameterStickBar,about 9 1238in.(229 9.5 mm)or stick about 9 12in.(229 12.7 mm)in diameter.SlabPlate or bar,varying in weight from about 20 to 60 lb(9.0 to 27.2kg)7.2 Cadmium may be ordered in other shapes and sizes asmutually agreed.8.Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance8.1 The supp
12、lier shall use care to have the quality of each lotof cadmium as uniform as possible.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.Current edition approved May 1,2012.Publi
13、shed May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1966.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B440 11.DOI:10.1520/B0440-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the stand
14、ards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 8.2 The cadmium shall be reasonably free of adheringforeign material.9.Sampling
15、 for Chemical Analysis9.1 The producer may obtain representative samples fromthe molten metal during casting,and all or part of thesesamples may be cast into shapes suitable for analysis.9.2 For sampling cadmium in slab form a minimum of twopieces shall be selected for shipments of 500 lb(227 kg)orl
16、ess,three pieces for shipments of 500 to 1000 lb(227 to 454kg),and one additional piece for each additional 1000 lb(454kg)or part thereof.For cadmium in ball or stick form aminimum of four pieces shall be selected for shipments of 500lb(227 kg)or less,six pieces for shipments of 500 to 1000 lb(227 to 454 kg)and two additional pieces for each additional1000 lb(454 kg)or part thereof.9.3 The selected pieces shall be cleaned to rid the surface ofextraneous material and then sawed,drilled,or milled,
