1、Designation:F71609Standard Test Methods forSorbent Performance of Absorbents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F716;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses in
2、dicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the development of laboratorytest data which describe the performance of absorbent materi-als used to remove oils and other compatible flui
3、ds from water.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describethe properties of materials,products,or assemblies in responseto heat and flame under controlled laboratory
4、 conditions andshould not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard orfire risk of materials,products,or assemblies under actual fireconditions.However,results of this test may be used aselements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account allof the factors which are pertinent to an ass
5、essment of the firehazard of a particular end use.(For a specific warningstatement see 10.4.)2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F726 Test Method for Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents2.2 Federal Standard:Fed.Std.No.141a Paint,Varnish,Lacquer and RelatedMaterials.Methods of Inspection,Sampling
6、and Testing32.3 Military Specification:MIL-I-631D Insulation,Electric,SyntheticResinComposition,Nonrigid33.Terminology3.1 General Terminology:3.1.1 gellanta material such as a colloidal network orother aggregate network that pervades and holds a liquid in ahighly viscous fragile structure.Many gels
7、may rapidly liquefywith added heat or ionic/polar addition.These materials aresoluble/flowable in excess liquid.3.1.2 sorbentan insoluble material or mixture of materialsused to recover liquids through the mechanisms of absorptionor adsorption,or both.3.1.3 thickenera material(usually of higher mole
8、cularweight)that is soluble in excess liquid.These materials gofrom dry to gummy(viscoelastic)to flowable and then soluble.The final viscosity depends only on the liquid to solid ratio.3.1.4 universal sorbentan insoluble material or mixture ofmaterials that will sorb both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
9、liquid spills.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 absorbenta material that picks up and retains aliquid distributed throughout its molecular structure causingthe solid to swell(50%or more).The absorbent is at least70%insoluble in excess liquid.3.2.2 adsorbentan insoluble material that is coated by aliquid on its
10、surface including pores and capillaries without thesolid swelling more than 50%in excess liquid.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 oila substantially water immiscible organic liquidthat will float on water(density less than 1 g/cm3),typicallywith surface tension less than 40 x
11、10-3.3.3.2 Type I absorbent(roll,film,sheet,pad,blanket,web)a material with length and width much greater thanthickness and which has both linear form and strength suffi-cient to be handled either saturated or unsaturated.3.3.3 Type II absorbent(loose)an unconsolidated,particu-late material without
12、sufficient form and strength to be handledexcept with scoops and similar equipment.4.Summary of Method4.1 The absorbent material is tested using established stan-dard methods,where applicable,and specially developed testsfor performance factors.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM
13、Committee F20 onHazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F20.22 on Mitigation Actions.Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published October 2009.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F716 07.DOI:10.1520/F0716-09.2For
14、referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk,Bldg.4 Section D,7
15、00Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia,PA 19111-5098,Attn:NPODS.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 These methods are to be used as a basis for comparisonof absorbents in a consistent manner.5.2 These tests are
16、not appropriate for adsorbent materialswhich are covered in Test Method F726.5.3 These methods are not useful for a comparison ofabsorbents with adsorbents,even though all absorbents exhibitadsorbent properties.Both types of materials have prime areasof utility.5.4 These methods may not list all the safety and disposaloptions necessary for safe ultimate disposal of used sorbentmaterial into the environment.Federal,state,and local regu-latory rules must be followed.6.Special Considerations6.1 Sol
