1、Designation:F1686091Standard Guide forSurveys to Document and Assess Oiling Conditions onShorelines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1686;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEReferenced Documents were editorially corrected in January 2011.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers field procedures by which data maybe collected in a
3、 systematic manner to document and assess theoiling conditions on shorelines.1.2 This guide does not address the terminology that is usedto define and describe shoreline oiling conditions,the ecologi-cal character of oiled shorelines,or the cultural or otherresources that may be present.1.3 The guid
4、e is applicable to marine coasts(includingestuaries)and may also be used in freshwater environments(rivers and lakes).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesa
5、fety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1687 Guide for Terminology and In
6、dices to Describe Oil-ing Conditions on ShorelinesF1779 Practice for Reporting Visual Observations of Oil onWater3.Significance and Use3.1 Systematic surveys provide data on shoreline characterand oiling conditions from which informed planning andoperational decisions may be developed with respect t
7、o shore-line cleanup(1-3).33.2 Surveys may include one or more of three components,listed below.The scale of the affected area and the availabilityof pre-spill information will influence the selection of surveycomponents and the level of detail.3.3 The aerial reconnaissance survey provides a perspec
8、tiveon the overall extent and general nature of the shoreline oilingconditions.This information is used in conjunction withenvironmental,resource,and cultural sensitivity data to guideshoreline protection,recovery of mobile oil,and to facilitatethe more detailed response planning and priorities of t
9、heresponse operations.3.4 The aerial video survey(s)provide systematic audio andvideo documentation of the extent and type of shoreline oilingconditions,physical shoreline character,and potential accessrestrictions.3.5 The ground assessment survey(s)provide the necessaryinformation and data to devel
10、op appropriate shoreline responserecommendations.Afield team(s)collects detailed informationon shoreline oil conditions,the physical and ecological char-acter of oiled shorelines,and resources or cultural features thatmay affect or be affected by the timing or implementation ofresponse activities.3.
11、6 In order to ensure data consistency it is important to usestandardized terminology and definitions in describing oilingconditions,as provided in Guide F1687.4.General Considerations4.1 The specific survey procedures and the magnitude of thedata sets collected will vary with the scale of the spill(
12、the1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on HazardousSubstances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF20.17 on Shoreline Countermeasures.Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published October 2009.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition
13、approved in 2003 as F1686 97(2003).DOI:10.1520/F1686-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The boldf
14、ace numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 length and distribution of oiled shoreline and quantity of oil),the nature or complexity of the shorelin
15、e,and the needs of theresponse organization(1).4.2 Following a spill in which only a few kilometers ofcoast have been oiled,one ground survey team may be able toaccomplish all of the goals in an appropriate time frame.4.3 As the scale of the affected area increases,it may benecessary to conduct an a
16、erial video survey that is followed bya ground assessment using one or more teams.4.4 Following spills that affect long sections of coast(forexample,more than 100 km),the sequence of an initial aerialreconnaissance,an aerial video survey and ground assessmentsurveys may be necessary to satisfy planning and operationalrequirements in a timely manner.4.5 Each of the three stages requires a separate surveydesign,the assignment of duties to personnel,logisticsplanning,and the establishment of survey
