1、Designation:F183397(Reapproved 2011)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forComparison of Rearfoot Motion Control Properties ofRunning Shoes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1833;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONDuring a typical running step,the foot first makes contact with the ground on the r
3、ear lateral borderof the shoe.At first contact between the foot and the ground,the foot is normally in a supinated orneutral position relative to the lower leg.During the first 50 to 150 ms of the period of ground contact,the foot rotates about the ankle and subtalar joints to a more pronated positi
4、on.Pronation is acombination of eversion and abduction of the subtalar joint and dorsiflexion of the ankle joint.Excessive pronation and possibly an excessive rate of pronation are believed to be risk factors incommon overuse injuries among runners.Other risk factors include a runners anatomicalpred
5、isposition,(for example,joint alignment,bone curvature,joint laxity)previous injury history andtraining errors(for example,a sudden increase in the duration or intensity of training).Running shoeshave been shown to influence pronation.Shoe design factors which have produced measurable effectson lowe
6、r extremity motion under laboratory conditions include sole hardness,sole height and width,sole geometry and the presence or absence of orthotics and stabilizing devices.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of certainangular motions of the lower extremity during running,specifically,th
7、e frontal plane projection of the pronation andsupination of the lower leg relative to the foot(“rearfootmotion”)and methods by which the effects of different runningshoes on rearfoot motion may be compared.1.2 As used in this test method,footwear may refer torunning shoes,corrective shoe inserts(or
8、thoses)or specificcombinations of both.The effects of orthoses may vary fromshoe to shoe.Therefore,comparisons involving orthoses shallbe qualified by the specific style of shoes in which they aretested.1.3 This test method is limited to the measurement of thetwo dimensional,frontal plane projection
9、 of the relativeangular motion between the lower leg and the foot(“rearfootmotion”).It is not a direct measure of pronation or supination,which are three dimensional motions.1.4 This test method is limited to running motions in whichthe heel makes first contact with the ground during each step.1.5 T
10、his test method is applicable to measurements ofrearfoot motion made while subjects run on a treadmill orwhile they run overground under controlled conditions.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.7 Thi
11、s standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1
12、 ASTM Standards:2F539 Practice for Fitting Athletic Footwear3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 ankle jointthe joint between lower leg and footformed by the articulations of the tibia and fibula with the talus.3.1.2 footstrikeinitial contact between the foot and the
13、ground at the beginning of the stance phase.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment,Playing Surfaces,and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.54 on Athletic Footwear.Current edition approved Nov.1,2011.Published February 2012.Ori
14、ginallyapproved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1883 97(2006).DOI:10.1520/F1833-97R11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Do
15、cument Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.3 maximum rearfoot anglemaximum value of therearfoot angle recorded during the stance phase.3.1.4 peak angular velocitymaximum rate of change ofthe
16、 rearfoot angle between footstrike and the occurrence ofmaximum rearfoot angle.3.1.5 pronationthree dimensional motion of the foot rela-tive to the lower leg,combining eversion an abduction of thesubtalar joint an dorsiflexion of the ankle joint.3.1.6 rearfoot anglethe angle between the lower leg andthe heel,viewed from the posterior aspect and projected in thefrontal plane.3.1.7 rearfoot motionrelative motion of the heel and lowerleg during the stance phase.3.1.8 stance phasethe period of a run