1、考点14 状语从句一、教材重点回顾：状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。定义：状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置：状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步。状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类：根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用：它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。1.时间状语从句: 引导连词有when，while，till，notuntil，since，after ,before ,a
2、s soon as。The bus wont start until everybody gets on. 公共汽车直到每人都上车为止，才开动。When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时，我正在煮饭。Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours. 昨天晚上在他回到家之前，他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。After I went to church, I went shopping.我去教堂后
3、，我去购物了。2. 地点状语从句：地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向，哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命，哪里就有希望。 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在此守侯你。3.原因状语从句：引导连词有because，as, since，for
4、。He didnt see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影，因为他已经看过了。They couldnt get on the train，for it was too crowed.他们没能上到火车，因为太挤了。比较：because, since, as和for1)because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。I didnt go, because I was afraid.我没有去因为我害怕。Since /As the weather is so bad, we
5、 have to delay our journey.因为天气不好，我们得推迟我们的旅行。2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill.他今天没来，因为他病了。He must be ill, for he is absent today.他一定是病，因为他今天没来。【注意】because不能和so 连用。4. 目的状语从句：引导连词有 so that，in order that。 He must get up e
6、arly so that he can catch the first bus. 他必须早起，以便能赶上头班公交车。 He repainted the house so that he could welcome the guests.他重新刷了一遍房子为了欢迎客人。The mother left work earlier in order that she could be at home when the children arrived.那位妈妈很早就下班了为了能赶在她的孩子们到之前回家去。5.结果状语从句：引导连词有sothat，suchthatThe box is so heavy
7、that I cant lift it.这个盒子如此沉，以致我无法抬起来。such+名词性词组+that 如此以致So+形容词/副词+that 如此以致例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是如此一位好老师以致我们都爱戴她。(2)It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.如此热的天以致于他们不能像往常一样出去散步。【注意点】1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)可以改写成：Sh
8、e is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是如此一位好老师以致我们都爱戴她。2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.房间里有太多人以致于我进不去。(2)The man has so much money that he can bu
9、y a car.这个人有这么多钱以致于他能买一台车。 6.让步状语从句：引导连词有though，although; even though/if; whatever; howeverAlthough he is young，he knows a lot of things.虽然他年龄小，但却认识许多事物。Even though you dont like him, you still have to be polite.即使你不喜欢他，你还得礼貌点。Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.不管你说什么，我都不会改变我的主意。【注意】althoug
10、h，though不能和but连用。7.比较(方式)状语从句以than为引导连词。常见连词(as)as., than; the, theJim is older than Lucy(is).吉姆比路希年长。Skiing is more exciting than running.滑雪比跑步更刺激。The more you practice, the more knowledge you will get.你练习越多，你得到知识越多。【注意】than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。8.条件状语从句以if, unless为引导连词。 If you eat bad food，you may be
11、ill.如果你吃到坏了的食物，就会生病。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will have a sports meet.【注意】主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。（主将从现）。状语从句中常见的误点1) 时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配：(俗称：主将从现)2) 原因状语从句because与because of ; Because+从句 和 because of +n./ pron/短语例如：I was late because I didnt catch the bus.I was late because of the rain.二、中考考点梳理【状语
12、从句8大考点】 1）时间状语从句 时间状语从句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等连词引导。 例如： I went to bed after the TV play was ever. 电视剧完了以后我上床睡觉。 Could you look after her while were away? 我们不在时你能照顾她吗？ She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989. 自从一九八九年她来到这座城市以来一直在这所学校教书。 Wa
13、it until I come back. 请你等到我回来。 注意：如主句是一般将来时，则表示将来的时间状语只用一般现在时。（主将从现）例如： Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就将写信给你。 It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来临时，天气将变得越来越暖和。 2）原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as, since等连词引导。例如： He sold the car because it was too small. 他卖掉那辆小汽车，因为它太小了。
14、 Since you wont help me, I must do the job myself. 你既然不帮我忙，我必须自己做这项工作。 As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister. 由于我的妈妈现在不在，我不得不照顾我的妹妹。 注意： a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析 because, as, since, for都是表示各种理由的连词，但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点，故because所引导的从句常放在句末。 例如： Why was he
15、 absent? Because he was badly ill. 他为什么缺度？因为他病得很重。 as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是叙述的重点，两者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重点。 例如： As it is raining, lets stay as home. 因为下雨，我们就留在家里吧。 Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因为你没有驾驶执照，所以你不可以开车。 for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，补充说明理由；主句表推测时，用for说明原因。 例如： Ill follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我会听从他的劝告，因为他是医生。
