1、状语从句一、状语从句的定义：状语从句是主从复合句中修饰主句中动词，形容词，副词等的从句，也叫做副词性从句。 状语从句一般分为时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、方式、目的、结果、原因九种状语从句 附：各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：时间when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before条件if, unless原因as, because, since地点where目的so that, in order that结果so that, sothat, suchthat让步though, although, even if, however方式
2、as 比较than, (not)asas, 二. 时间状语从句：时间状语从句在主句中表示时间，常用连接词有：when（当时），while（当时），as（当时），before（在之前），after（在之后），since（自从），notuntil（直到才）， as soon as（一就），once（一旦就）等。1. 连词：(1) when引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。He was working when I went in. 我进去时他正在工作。When she heard the news, she began to
3、cry. 她听到这个消息，她哭了起来。(3) while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词，意思是“在期间”。 while还可以表示两者之间的对比关系。They rushed in while we were singing. 我们唱歌时，他们冲进来。I like playing football, while Tom likes listening to music. 我喜欢踢足球，而汤姆喜欢听音乐。(4) as引导状语从句，强调同时发生，不分先后。可以译成“随着”或“一边一边”。John sings as he walks home. 约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。(5) since
4、引导状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。We have been friends since we met in Beijing. 自从我们在北京遇到就一直是朋友。It has been six years since she left school. 自从她毕业已经有六年了。(6) until/ till 引导时间状语从句，当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句常用否定形式，not until意思为“直到才”。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到做完作业才睡觉。2.注意事项： (1) 时间状语从句中，一般要用一
5、般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：I will telephone you when he comes. 他来时，我会给你打电话。Ill stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里，直到你回来。（2）引导词while, when, as的区别： 1）when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the library ev
6、ery day.While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.2）As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着”或“一边一边”之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。三地点状语从句：地点状语从句在主句中表示地点。其连接词有where（哪里），wherever（无论哪里）等。例如：Put it where you find it. 把它放在原来的地方。You
7、 can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐在哪里就坐在哪里。四. 原因状语从句：原因状语从句在主句中表示原因或者理由。其连接词有：because（因为），as （因为），since（既然）等。1.连词 (1) because表示因果关系语气最强，常用来回答why提出的问题。I didnt tell them because they were too young. 我没有告诉他们，因为他们太小。（2）since 引导的原因状语从句 ，表示众所周知的原因，翻译为：既然，由于Since you come, wait for more time please.2.注意事项：（1
8、.） because、since,as 语气强弱比较： because sinceas(2) because和so不能同在一个句子里。Because the book was expensive, I didnt buy it. (I 前不用so)五. 结果状语从句：结果状语从句在主句中表示结果。其连接词有：sothat（如此以至于），such that（如此以至于）等。注意： (1) such. thatsucha(an)形容词单数可数名词that从句 such形容词复数名词/不可数名词that从句(2) so . thatso形容词副词.that从句so形容词a(an)单数可数名词that
9、从句so+many/much/little/few +名词+that +从句He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.He is such a
10、 lovely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.六、. 目的状语从句：目的状语从句在主句中表示目的。其连接词有：so（以便），so that（为了），in order that（为了）等，从句中多用情态动词can, will, may, should 等。例如：He got up very early so that he could catch the first train. 他起床很早以便于赶第一班火车。I will run slowly so that you can catch
11、up with me. 我慢慢跑以便你能赶上我。七. 条件状语从句：条件状语从句在主句中表示条件。其连接词有：if（如果），unless （如果不，除非），as long as（只要）等。例如：If it is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming. 如果明天天气好的话我们去游泳。注意：在条件状语从句中，一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：Unless it rains, the game will be played.（= If it doesnt rain, the game will be played.） 如果不下雨，比赛就
12、将进行。As long as you tell truth , Ill try to help you.只要你说出真相，我就尽力帮助你。八 让步状语从句：常由though/although (虽然)，even if/ though (即使)等引导，但though/although不能和but同时出现在一个句子里。例如：Though its hard work, I enjoy it.（= Its hard work, but I enjoy it.）尽管这是一件艰苦的工作，但我乐意做。Though/Although it was raining，we went there. 虽然下着雨，但我们
13、还是去了那儿。She wont leave the TV set even though /even if suppers on the table. 即使晚饭已摆在桌上，她也不愿意离开电视机。 九。真题链接1. Mr Black, _ will the parents meeting last? (2023年.江苏淮安) -Its hard to say. Maybe one hour more.A. how longB. how muchC. how farD. how often2. Excuse me,_- is this T-shirt? (2023年.北京) Its 88 yuan
14、. A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old3. This cap is nice,_-it doesnt look good on me. (2023年.北京) A. for B. so C. but D. or4.- is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao-Bridge? （2023年福建） - 55 kilometers. A. How longB. How highC. How wide5. its a public holiday today, some firefighters in our city are
15、still on duty. （2023年福建） A. AlthoughB. OnceC. If6_ is it from Lanzhou to Lisa? (2023年甘肃兰州)Its about 2,160 kilometers. A. How oftenB. How farC. How long D. How many7. Tom watched the World Cup _ 11:30 last night. (2023年甘肃兰州) A. whenB. unlessC. untilD as soon as8_it rained a lot,we enjoyed ourholiday. （2023年甘肃
