1、安 徽 医 药 Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal 2023 Feb,27(2)血清胎盘蛋白-13及甲胎蛋白对子痫前期发生胎儿宫内生长受限的预测价值黄杨,孟琳,吕慧,韩秋峪作者单位:徐州医科大学附属医院妇产科,江苏 徐州221002通信作者:韩秋峪,女,主任医师,硕士生导师,研究方向为产科急危重症,Email:摘要:目的 分析血清胎盘蛋白-13(PP-13)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)预测子痫前期(PE)病人发生胎儿宫内生长受限(FGR)的价值。方法 选择2019年1月至2020年12月徐州医科大学附属医院120例PE病人作为研究对象,测定病人孕20周时血
2、清PP-13、AFP,随访至分娩,根据病人FGR发生情况分为FGR组、非FGR组,比较两组基线资料和孕20周时血清PP-13、AFP,经logistic回归分析血清PP-13、AFP与PE病人发生FGR的关系,绘制ROC曲线分析孕20周时血清PP-13、AFP对PE病人发生FGR的预测价值。结果 随访至病人分娩,统计 FGR 发生情况显示,本研究内 120 例 PE 病人中有 23 例发生 FGR,FGR 发生率为19.17%;FGR组病人PE程度重于非FGR组,舒张压(101.8710.31)mmHg、收缩压(153.7510.92)mmHg、AFP(2.180.37)MOM高于非 FGR
3、组(97.997.21)mmHg、(148.558.22)mmHg、(1.780.35)MOM,PP-13(0.940.15)g/L低于非 FGR 组(1.170.24)g/L,差异有统计学意义(P1,P0.05);PP-13可能是PE病人发生FGR的保护因素(OR1,P0.05);绘制ROC曲线图,结果显示,孕20周时血清PP-13、AFP预测PE病人发生FGR的AUC分别为0.79、0.78,均有一定预测价值;绘制决策曲线显示,联合孕20周时血清PP-13、AFP预测预测PE病人发生FGR的净受益率优于单独某一指标,最大值为0.19。结论 血清PP-13、AFP与PE病人发生FGR有关,孕
4、20周血清PP-13、AFP可用于预测PE病人发生FGR,且联合预测获得净受益率更高。关键词:胎儿生长迟缓;子痫前期;胎盘蛋白-13;甲胎蛋白Predictive value of serum PP-13 and AFP for fetal intrauterine growth restriction in patients with preeclampsiaHUANG Yang,MENG Lin,LYU Hui,HAN QiuyuAuthor Affiliation:Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Affiliated Hospital of
5、 Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221002,ChinaAbstract:Objective To analyze the value of serum placental protein-13(PP-13)and alpha fetoprotein(AFP)in predicting fetal intrauterine growth restriction(FGR)in patients with preeclampsia(PE).Methods A total of 120 patients with PE in the Affilia
6、ted Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects,serum PP-13 and AFP of patients were measured at 20 weeks of pregnancy,followed up to delivery,patients were divided into FGR group and non-FGR group according to the occurrence of FGR
7、 of patients,the baseline data and serum PP-13 and AFP at 20 weeks of pregnancy were compared between the two groups,the relationship between serum PP-13,AFP and FGR in patients with PE was analyzed by Logistic regression,the ROC curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of serum PP-13 and AFP
8、 on FGR in patients with PE at 20 weeks of pregnancy.Results The patients were followed up to delivery,the occurrence of FGR was counted and showed that,of 120 patients with PE in this study,23 developed FGR,the incidence of FGR was 19.17%;the degree of PE of patients in FGR group was heavier than t
9、hat in non-FGR group,the diastolic blood pressure(101.8710.31)mmHg,systolic blood pressure(153.7510.92)mmHg,AFP(2.180.37)MOM were higher than those in non-FGR group(97.997.21)mmHg,(148.558.22)mmHg,(1.780.35)MOM,PP-13(0.940.15)g/L were lower than those in non-FGR group(1.170.24)g/L,the differences we
10、re statistically significant(P1,P0.05);PP-13 might be a protective factor for FGR in PE patients(OR1,P0.9表示预测性能较高,0.710.90表示有一定预测性能,0.50.7 表示预测性能较低,0.5表示无预测性能,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。采用R4.1.0 统计分析软件和“rmda”软件包,以净受益率为纵坐标,高风险阈值为横坐标,绘制决策曲线,分析孕20周时血清PP-13、AFP及两者联合预测PE病人发生FGR的净受益率。2结果2.1FGR 发生情况随访至病人分娩,统计 FGR发生情况显
11、示,本研究内120例PE病人中有23例发生FGR,FGR发生率为19.17%(23/120)。2.2基线资料、血清指标比较FGR组病人PE程度重于非FGR组,舒张压、收缩压、AFP高于非FGR组,PP-13 低于非 FGR 组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。见表1。2.3血清PP-13、AFP与PE病人发生FGR关系的回归分析将PE病人FGR发生情况作为状态变量(1=发生,0=未发生),将PE程度、舒张压、收缩压、PP-13、AFP作为自变量,并对自变量进行赋值说明,经二元logistic回归分析后,P值放宽至1,P0.05);PP-13 可能是 PE 病人发生FGR的保护因素(OR1,P0
12、.05)。见表2。2.4孕 20 周时血清 PP-13、AFP 对 PE 病人发生FGR的预测价值将PE病人FGR发生情况作为状态变量(1=发生,0=未发生),将孕 20周时血清 PP-13、AFP 作为检验变量,绘制 ROC 曲线图,结果显示,孕 20 周时血清 PP-13、AFP 预测 PE 病人发生FGR 的 AUC 分别为 0.790、0.780,均有一定预测价值。相关参数见表3。以净受益率为纵坐标,高风险阈值为横坐标,绘制决策曲线,结果显示,在阈值0.20.8范围内,联合孕20周时血清PP-13、AFP预测预测PE病人发生FGR的净受益率优于单独某一指标,且在高风险阈值0.00.8内
13、的净受益率始终大于0,始终有临床意义,净受益率最大值为0.19。3讨论PE病人易并发FGR,增加不良结局的发生,因此应当采取有效的预防措施9。但是,目前FGR预防方案多在孕晚期进行,胎盘病理改变较大,治疗难度较大,FGR预防现状不佳10。因此,分析与PE病人FGR发生相关的因素,及早进行诊断、干预,改善干预方案的临床效果对PE病人FGR防治具有重要意义。研究表明,PE病人发生FGR的风险较高,达到14.3%(10/70)11。本研究结果显示,随访至病人分娩,统计FGR发生情况显示,本研究内120例PE病人中有23例发生FGR,FGR发生率为19.17%,与上述研究相符。结果说明,PE病人 FG
14、R发生风险较高,有必要分析相关指标。而且,本研究显示,FGR组病人PE程度重于非FGR组,说明重度PE可能更容易发生FGR,应对重度PE病人引起高度重视。母体血清标志物的改变可能发生于胎盘发育初期,早于 FGR 确诊,或可为预测 FGR 发生提供参考12。PP-13属于半乳糖凝集素,仅由胎盘合成中的细胞合成,尤其是滋养层细胞,FGR胎盘着床异常时,滋养层细胞分化受损,滋养细胞减少,而且会造成绒毛发育不良,影响滋养细胞分泌功能,造成PP-13表达量减少13。研究表明,PE病人血清PP-13水平异常,可能与子宫动脉血流有关,而子宫动脉血流异常会造成胎盘着床异常,推测PP-13可能与FGR的发生有关
15、14。AFP是常见血清蛋白,妊娠10周前合成于卵黄囊,妊娠10周后合成于胎儿肝脏,胎儿、胎盘、羊膜的屏障破坏会造成母体血清 AFP 浓度升表1子痫前期120例基线资料、血清指标比较资料年龄/(岁,x s)分娩孕周/(周,x s)孕前体质量指数/(kg/m2,x s)初产妇/例(%)是 否剖宫产史/例(%)是 否PE程度/例(%)重度PE 轻度PE宫高/(cm,x s)胎儿腹围/(cm,x s)胎儿体质量/(g,x s)胎心率/(次/分,x s)舒张压/(mmHg,x s)收缩压/(mmHg,x s)尿蛋白/(g/24 h,x s)PP-13/(g/L,x s)AFP/(MOM,x s)FGR组
16、(n=23)29.613.5334.133.4822.600.8712(52.17)11(47.83)7(30.43)16(69.57)11(47.83)12(52.17)17.282.1314.241.68403.5843.21137.8414.37101.8710.31153.7510.920.370.040.940.152.180.37非FGR组(n=97)28.693.1533.353.7022.440.7845(46.39)52(53.61)24(24.74)73(75.26)21(21.65)76(78.35)17.452.0514.621.68414.0110.09135.9513.1297.997.21148.558.220.360.041.170.241.780.35t(2)Z 值1.230.920.88(0.25)(0.31)2.540.350.981.110.612.122.551.944.394.86P值0.2220.3600.3810.6180.5750.0110.7270.3310.2710.5430.0360.0120.0550.0010.001注:FGR