1、添加微信：car4900，免费领小学资料第4讲 形容词 形容词的用法：（一）概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。【难点】（二）形容词的种类1. 品质形容词：英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品质，如：The play was boring. 那出戏很枯燥乏味。 You have an honest face. 你有一张诚实的脸。2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词，如：She had on a blue coat. 她穿了一件蓝色的外套。3.-i
2、ng 形容词：有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，如： 4. ed形容词：它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义，多数为品质形容词，如： She looked tired. 5. 合成形容词： warm-hearted 热心的， heart-breaking 令人心碎的（三）形容词的用法和在句中的位置1、形容词在句中主要可用作： 1）定语： What a fine day! 2）表语： She looks happy. 3）宾语的补语（构成合成宾语）： Do you think it necessary? 你认为这有必要吗？ 4）状语： He arrived home, hungry
3、and tired. 他又饿又累的回到家里。【重点】2）当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。如：The boy interested in music is my brother. 对音乐感兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗？三、形容词的比较等级：（一）形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 1单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er
4、或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以e 结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er 或-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest2 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 useful more useful most
5、useful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious【重点】3有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther farthest old older oldest（二） 形容词比较级的用法 1形容词的比较级可以单独使用： Be more careful next time. 下
6、次小心点。 Which book is better? 哪本书更好？ 2也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：a.名词或代词： He is older than me / I . 他年龄比我大。b.动名词： Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c.从句： I was a better singer than he was. 我唱歌比他好。（三）形容词比较级的修饰语1形容词比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之类表示程度的状语： Hes feeling much bett
7、er today. 他感到今天好多了。2也可在比较级前any, no, some, even, still这类词：Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好一点了吗？3比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。【难点】（四）形容词比较级的特殊用法1和more有关的词组 ：1) the morethe more越就越。例如： The harder you work，the greater progress youll make. 越努力，进步越大。2) no more than
8、与一样。例如： The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。3） more than超过，不只是。例如： There are more than two thousand people in the hall. 2和less有关的词组 1) less than 不到 不太： It was ready in less than a week. 2) no less than 多达 不少于 No less than 2 million people came. 至少来了2百万人。 3) more or less 基本
9、上 大体上 大约 The work is more or less finished. 这项工作基本上完成了。 3还有as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 1) not so/asas。例如： He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。 2) 当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a +单数名词/；as + many much +名词。例如： This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。 I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能
10、搬多少纸，我也能。 3) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如： This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。 Your room is the same size as mine.你的房间和我的一样大。（五） 形容词最高级用法1the + 最高级 + 比较范围 1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，例如： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 说明 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。例如：
11、It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。 注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 （错）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. （对）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2） 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如：This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。 注意：序数词
12、通常只修饰最高级。例如： Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3） 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如： Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者： Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.（六）形容词最高级的特殊用法 1. 形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词the 可以省略。 例句：I think her plan is best. 我认为她的计划最好。 2.形容词最高级还可和at 构成许多短语
13、作状语，如 at best, at least, at most等。 例句：Ill be with you at latest by ten. 我最迟十点钟就来陪你。1、 了解形容词，掌握形容词的作用2、 形容词的同级。比较级和最高级的用法1. We want to go to Japan to have a _ study.A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest解析：far 有两个比较级farther 是路远，further是有抽象的意思进一步，这个题目中是深造，有进一步学习的意思，故答案是c2. The meeting hall is _
14、 to hold 5000 people.A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large解析：enough 修饰形容词和副词放在后边，足够大的表达是large enough。故答案是a3. When spring comes, the trees get _.A. green and green B. green and greener C. greener and green D. greener and greener解析：get 后加比较级，越来越。后边是两个比较级连用故答案是D4. My _ brother is thr
15、ee years _ than I .A. old; older B. elder ; older C. older; elder D. old; elder解析：题目是我的哥哥比我大三岁，第一个是年长的用elder，后一个是大older，故答案是B5. This year our school is _ than it was last year.A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. the most beautiful D. beautiful解析：than 用比较级，只有答案A是，故选择A6. _ the ground is, _ air
16、 becomes.A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnestC. The higher; the thiner D. The higher; the thinner解析：the 加比较级，the 加比较级的用法，C 的拼写不对，故答案是DA部分基础练习 根据句意填入单词的正确形式1. Maria is _ (thin). Lucy is _ (thin) than Mary.2. Mike is _ (heavy) boy in his class.3. Tom is not as_ (tall) as the other boys.4
17、. I am much _ (well) than yesterday.5. This skirt is _ (expensive) of the three.6. Today is _ (busy) day this week.7. That is _ (easy) of all.8. He is _ (clever) boy in the class.9. John is _ (short) than Tom.10. This box is _ (heavy) than that one.B部分提高练习 1. Paris is one of _ cities in the world.A.
18、 more beautifully B. more beautiful C. the most beautifully D. the most beautiful2. The Yellow River is one of _ in China.A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river D. the long river3. The coat is _ than the cap.A. cheap B. cheapest C. much cheaper D. the cheapest4. When spring c
19、omes, days are getting _.A. warm and warm B. warmer and warmer C. more warmer D more and more warm5. I think it is too small. I want a _ one.A. bigger B. biggest C. bigger D. more biggerC部分阅读专项练习 Babysitter (临时照顾幼儿者) Wanted Do you like children? Do you have free time in the afternoon? We need a baby
20、sitter for our son. He is five years old. Hours are 3:00 pm to 6:00 pm from Monday to Friday. Sometimes you have to work on the weekend. Pay (薪水) is $10 each hour. For the job, you will: Watch our son Read to him Play with him You will work at our house. We live in Fourth Road, near Hoaxing Clothes
21、Store. Please call Mr. Wang at 010-58899333.阅读上面的招聘信息，选择正确答案。( ) 1. On Friday, the babysitter will _.A. not work B. get $10 C. live there D. work three hours( ) 2. _ is not a part of the job.A. Cooking for the child B. Working at the childs house C. Taking care of the child D. Reading books to the c
22、hild( ) 3. The babysitter must _.A. drive a car to work B. go to the office to work C. play with the child D. work every Saturday and Sunday( ) 4. Which of the following is true? _.A. The child is less than (不足) ten years old. B. The babysitter must be a college student (大学生). C. The babysitter must
23、 work six days a week. D. The babysitter can get more pay on weekends. ( ) 5. The best babysitter for the job _.A. get $10 every day B. is busy on Wednesday afternoonC. cant read story-books D. likes playing with children A Trip to the ForestOne day Bob took two of his friends into the mountains. Th
24、ey put up their tents (帐篷) and then rode off to a forest to see how the trees were growing.In the afternoon when they were about ten kilometers from their camp(营地), it started to snow. More and more snow fell. Soon Bob could hardly see his hands before his face. He could not find the road. Bob knew
25、there were two roads. One road went to the camp, and the other went to his house. But all was white snow. Everything was the same. How could he take his friends back to the camp?Bob had an idea. The horses! Let the horses take them back! But what would happen if the horses took the road to his house
26、? That would be a trip of thirty-five kilometers in such cold weather!It was getting late. They rode on(一直骑) and on. At last the horses stopped. Where were they? None of them could tell. John looked around（环顾四周）. What was that under the tree? It was one of their tents!( ) 1. John and his two friends went to the forest to _.A. build their camp
