1、期末复习之单词词性分类汇总单词词性：动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、数词等。词性是解题的关键。首先要从句子结构入手，谓语动词和形容词是所有词性中相对容易判断出来的；其次再根据技巧判断出其他词性；最后根据其他关键信息判断词形的改变。1. 助动词结构：主语（冠词/名词等）+ 谓语（动词）+ 宾语（冠词/代词/名词等）。 I did my homework. 2. 系动词结构：（1）主语（冠词/名词等）+ 系动词（be动词/感官动词）+ 表语（形容词）。You are excited.You look excited.（2）主语（冠词/名词等）+ 系动词（be动词/感官动词）+ 表语（名词）。
2、She is a teacher.They are students.（二）动词呈现动词：表示动作的词语，动词一般作谓语，通过谓语动词可以判断动词的形式。1. 解题步骤第一步：熟记词义；第二步：根据句子结构，判断词性为动词；第三步：根据语境、固定搭配，判断时态、其他动词形式。2. 解题技巧【技巧一】助动词后除主语外要紧跟动词（原形）；助动词一般出现在疑问句和否定句。分别有：do、does、did、will、would。否定形式：dont, doesnt, didnt, wont, wouldnt。 1. They dontrealizethatthatwasntalwaysthecase.2.
3、 Isure domissyousomething fierce!3. Why didInotmarryKing Grisly-beard?【技巧二】情态动词后除主语外要紧跟动词（原形）；情态动词：can、could、need、should、must、may、might等。否定形式：cant, couldnt, neednt, mustnt, may not, might not。1. Icanrealizeallmydreams. 2. Illmissyou, kiddo. 3. Theycouldcommunicatewithher.【技巧三】介词to后一般是动词（原形）；介词可跟动词、名
4、词和动名词。一般to 后跟动词原形。1. Shewasntslowto realizewhatwas going on. 2. Dontexpectittoimproveovernight. 3. Itwas toogoodanopportunityto miss.【技巧四】不带to的不定式，其后也跟动词（原形）；一感（feel sb do sth.）；二听（hear/listen to sb do sth）；三让（make/let/have sb do sth）；四看（watch/see/look/notice sb do sth）；help sb（do/to do sth）。 1. Let
5、 me dig a hole. 2. Please make him realize the importance of healthy food 3. Nowadays,phone callsandmessageshelpuscommunicatewithothersmoreoften.【技巧五】有些固定句型后要用动词（原形）；had better do sth, Why not do sth. 1. Wed betterhurryorwell missthe train. 2. Why not book the tickets in advance？【技巧六】以上情形都没有，找主语，一般主
6、语后就是谓语动词（有时态变化）；主语一般在句子开头，主语是名词的形式。常见有人名（Tom）、人称代词主格（She/he/They等）、形物代+名词（My bag）等，一般紧跟主语后的就是谓语动词。再根据时间、标志词、结构判断时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1. Sherealizedthestresshewasunder just now. 2. Peoplecommunicatewithwords. 3. Istilldream ofhome now.【技巧七】以上情形都没有，注意连词前后主语是同一个时，时态保持一致。 1. Illcomeby
7、 thiseveningand pick up thebooks. 2. I returned home and explained why I so late.原形词性&释义动词三单过去式动词ing（现在分词/动名词）arrive v. 到达arrivesarrivedarrivingblow v. 吹blows blow-blew-blownblowing bring v. 带来；取来bringsbring-brought-broughtbringing camp v. 扎营；搭帐篷camps campedcamping climb v. 爬climbs climbedclimbing c
8、ook v. 做饭cookscookedcooking could modal v. 能；可以couldcould- cross v. 横过；越过crossescrossedcrossing cut v. 砍；切cutscut-cut-cutcutting describe v. 描述describes describeddescribing draw v. 画drawsdraw-drew-drawndrawing drive v. 开车drivesdrive-drove-drivendriving enjoy v. 享受；喜爱enjoys enjoyedenjoying feed v. 喂养
9、；饲养feeds feed-fed-fedfeeding feel v. 感受；觉得feelsfeel-felt-feltfeeling fly v. 飞flies fly-flew-flownflying follow v. 遵循；跟随followsfollowedfollowing forget v. 忘记；遗忘forgetsforget-forgot-forgetforgetting grow v. 种植；生长；发育grows grow-grew-growngrowing hear v. 听到；听见hears hear-heard-heardhearing join v. 参加；加入jo
10、insjoinedjoining jump v. 跳；跃jumps jumpedjumping keep v. 保持；保留keepskeep-kept-keptkeeping kill v. 杀死；弄死killskilledkilling learn v. 学习；学会learnslearnedlearning leave v. 离开；留下leavesleave-left-leftleaving listen v. 听；倾听listenslistenedlistening live v. 居住，生活liveslivedliving make v. 使成为；制造makesmake-made-mad
11、emaking may modal v. 也许；可能；可以may might- milk v. 挤奶milks milkedmilking miss v. 怀念；思念；错过missesmissedmissingmove v. 移动moves movedmoving pick v. 采；摘picks pickedpicking put v. 放puts put-put-putputting read v. 读；阅读readsread-read-readreading relax v. 放松；休息relaxesrelaxedrelaxing remember v. 记住；记起remembersre
12、memberedremembering run v. 跑；奔runsrun-ran-runrunning save v. 救；救助savessavessaving shout v. 呼叫；喊叫shouts shoutedshouting sing v. 唱歌singssing-sang-sungsinging sit v. 坐sitssit-sat-satsitting skate v. 滑冰skatesskatedskating speak v. 说（某种语言）；说话speaksspeak-spoke-spokenspeaking spend v. 花（时间、钱等）spends spend-
13、spent-spentspending start v. 开始；着手starts startedstarting stay v. 停留；待stays stayedstaying teach v. 教；讲授teachesteach-taught-taughtteaching tell v. 讲述；告诉tellstell-told-toldtelling turn v. 转向；翻turns turnedturning use v. 使用；运用usesusedusingvisit v. 拜访；参观visitsvisitedvisiting wake v. 弄醒；醒wakes wake-woke-wo
14、kenwaking wash v. 洗washeswashedwashing wear v. 穿；戴wearswear-wore-wornwearing will v. 将要，会will wouldwilling wish v. 希望wisheswishedwishing would modal v.（表示意愿）愿意would would-write v. 写作；写字writeswrite-wrote-writtenwriting （三）名词呈现名词：事物的名称，分为可数名词和不可数名词（需要借助一定的称量工具）。1. 解题步骤第一步：熟记词义；第二步：根据句子结构、固定搭配，判断词性为名词；
15、第三步：根据语境、固定搭配，判断名词的可数名词复数形式、其他形式。2. 解题技巧【技巧一】介词of后跟名词； 1. 20cmofsnowwere expectedtoday. 2. Never hadhebeensofree ofworry.【技巧二】冠词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词性物主代词、形容词后跟名词。冠词（a/an/the）；指示代词（this/these/that/those）；不定代词（some/any）；形容词性物主代词（my/our/her/his/its/their）；形容词（new/old/beautiful/good）。1. The showwas just aweso
16、me.2. We need some brushes.3. Where didyoubuythatdress?【技巧三】a/an、this/that后跟可数名词单数。these、those后跟可数名词复数；some、any后可跟可数名词复数和不可数名词；形容词性物主代词后可跟可数名词单复数、不可数名词，视具体语境而定；形容词后可跟可数名词单复数、不可数名词，视具体语境而定。原形词性&释义可数名词复数不可数名词其他形式（词性转化）actor n. 演员actors actress n. 女演员actresses Africa n. 非洲 Africaage n. 年龄 ageair n. 空气
17、airAmerican n. 美国人；美洲人Americans America n. 美国animal n. 动物animals artist n. 艺术家artists art n. 艺术Australia n. 澳大利亚Australia baby n. 婴儿babies badminton n. 羽毛球运动badminton badmintonbank n. 银行banks beach n. 海滩；沙滩beaches beef n. 牛肉beef bike n. 自行车bikes boat n. 小船boats bowl n. 碗bowls bridge n. 桥bridges bus
18、n. 公共汽车buses butterfly n. 蝴蝶butterflies cabbage n. 卷心菜；洋白菜 cabbagecaken. 蛋糕cakes Canada n. 加拿大 Canadacandle n. 蜡烛candles candy n. 糖果candies car n. 小汽车；轿车cars cat n. 猫cats center n. 中心；中央centers chess n. 国际象棋chesschild n. 儿童children cinema n. 电影院cinemas club n. 俱乐部；社团clubs country n. 国；国家countries co
19、untryside n. 乡村；农村countrysides cow n. 奶牛cows crime n. 犯罪活动crimes criminal n. 罪犯criminals crossing n. 十字路口crossings cross v. 穿过danger n. 危险dangers dangerous adj.危险的dish n. 碟；盘dishes dragon n. 龙dragons drum n. 鼓drums dumpling n. 饺子dumplings ear n. 耳朵ears elephant n. 大象elephants end n. 结尾；尽头 endEurope
20、n. 欧洲 Europeeye n. 眼睛eyes face n. 脸faces farmern. 农民；农场主farmers farm n. 农场fire n. 火；火灾 firefish n. 鱼；鱼肉fishflag n. 旗；旗帜flags flower n. 花flowers forest n. 森林forests front n. 前面 frontgift n. 礼物；赠品gifts giraffe n. 长颈鹿giraffes glasses n. 眼镜glasses group n. 组；群groups guide n. 导游；向导guides guitar n. 吉他guit
21、ars hair n. 头发；毛发 hairhalf n. 一半；半数halves hall n. 大厅；礼堂halls height n. 身高；高度 heighthigh adj. 高的homework n. 家庭作业 homeworkhorse n. 马horses hospital n. 医院hospitals host n. 主人；东道主hosts hotel n. 旅馆；酒店hotels house n. 房子houses idea n. 想法；主意ideas ivory n. 象牙ivories jeans n. 牛仔裤 jeansjob n. 工作；职业jobs juice n
22、. 果汁；饮料 juicekilometer n. 千米；公里 kilometers kind n. 种类kinds kitchen n. 厨房kitchens kite n. 风筝kites koala n. 树袋熊，考拉koalas kung fu n. （中国）功夫kung fu lake n. 湖；湖泊lakes language n. 语言 languageleg n. 腿legs life n. 生活；生命 lifelion n. 狮子lions luck n. 幸运；运气 lucklucky adj. 幸运的man n. 男人；人men meat n. （可食用的）肉 meatm
23、essage n. 信息；消息messages minute n. 分钟minutes money n. 钱 moneymonkey n. 猴子monkeys moon n. 月亮 moonmountain n. 高山mountains mouse n. 老鼠；耗子mice mouth n. 嘴mouths movie n. 电影movies museum n. 博物馆museums musician n. 音乐家musicians music n. 音乐mutton n. 羊肉 muttonneighborhood n. 街区；街坊neighborhoods neighbor n. 邻居ne
24、wspaper n. 报纸newspapersnight n. 晚上；夜晚nights noodle n. 面条noodles north n. 北；北方 northnose n. 鼻子noses office n. 办公室offices onion n. 洋葱onions painting n. 油画；绘画paintings paint v. 绘画pancake n. 烙饼；薄饼pancakes panda n. 熊猫pandas park n. 公园parks people n. 人；人们people person n. 人people pet n. 宠物pets piano n. 钢琴pianos place n. 地点；位置places police n. 警察polices pool n. 游泳池；水池pools porridge n. 粥；面糊 porridgepost n. 邮政posts potato n. 土豆；马铃薯potatoes problem n. 困难；难题problems quarter n. 一刻钟；四分之一
