1、Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.,Section A 1a-2d,1a Look at the things at the yard sale.Do you have any of these things at home?How long have you had them?,Language Goal:Talk about possessions and things around you.,1b Listen and check()the facts you hear.,_ Jeffs family is having a yard sa
2、le._ Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things._Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years._ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories._ You can also give old things away to people in need.,Amy：You have some great things at this yard sale,Jeff.Jeff：Thanks,Amy.Our fam
3、ily has collected so many things over the years,but we dont use them anymore.Amy:But isnt it hard to sell some of your things?There are many things Ive had since I was a child.I dont think I could sell them.Jeff:Yes,its hard to say goodbye to certain things.Amy:By the way,how long have you had that
4、bike over there?,Tape scripts,Jeff:Ive had it for three years!I learned how to ride a bike on it.Amy:Old things really bring back sweet memories.But its true that we may never use some of these things again.Jeff:Yes,like old toys or books youve already read.You can sell those,or you can also give th
5、em away to kids or people who need them.Amy:Oh!How much is this book?Jeff：You can have it for 75 cents.,现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。,结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词,一般疑问句：have/has?Yes,I have.No,I havent.Yes,she has.No,she hasnt.,Revision,1.现在完成时动词构成have/has+v 过去分词,助动词,否定,haventha
6、snt,疑问,Have you?Has he?,常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,several times,现在完成时,1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。,2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。,动词构成：have/has+v过去分词,have breakfast,I have just had my breakfast.,(现在我不饿),Im not hungry now,moved herei
7、n 2004,I still live here,I have lived here for three years.,I have lived here since 2004/three years ago.,now,past,2.现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续 到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。1)I have studied English since last year.我从去年开始学习英语。2)She has lived in Beijing for five years.她住在北京已经五年了。注意:come,go,leave,arrive,buy,lose,rece
8、ive,join,die,bury 和marry 等动词所表示的动作是一时的,不能延续的,故不能与for,since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过,这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，即动作的不发生是可以持续的。,注意:现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如:yesterday,last,year,in 1976,two days ago,just now,when she came in 等)连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recentl
9、y,lately等)连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：today,this morning,this week,this year等)连用。,(1).for+表示一段时间的短语(2).since+表示过去时间点的词语(3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句,eg.I have been a teacher _ a year.He has been at this school _ 1992.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.,for,since,since,现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.
10、表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体 的过去时间。,ever,just,already,yet,e.g.Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homework _.,B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.,already“已经”;yet“仍然,还”这两个副词常常用于完成时态,其中already 常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:J
11、im has already finished his work.Jim已经把他的工作做完了。Mother hasnt come home yet.妈妈还没回来。Havent you read The Call of the Wild yet?你还没读过野性的呼唤吗？,(1).Have(has)beenin意为“已经在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他们到加拿大有五年了。,5.havebeenin,havebe
12、ento与havegoneto 的用法,(2).Have(has)beento 意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已经不在那里了。可与 just,ever,never 等连用。如：Ivejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。,(3).Have(has)beento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。如：IvebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去过北京三次。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseve
13、raltimes.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。(4).Have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、二人称代词作主语。如:WhereisTom?汤姆在哪里？Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到书店去了。,例如：He has gone to Hong Kong.他到香港去了。(他已前往香港,或在途中,或已到达。说话人暗示他现在不在现场)He has been to Hong Kong.他曾到过香港。(说话人认为他过去到过香港,现在已不在该地。言外之意他对香港有所了解),for 和 since 在现在完成时中的
14、应用,for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：（1）for后须接“时间段”He has studied English for five years.他学英语5年了。（2）since后须接“时间点”He has studied English since 1999.他从1999年开始学英语。,（3）二者可以转换 for+一段时间=since+一段时间+ago He has been here for five weeks.=He has been here since five weeks ago.他到这儿已经有五个星期了。,如：He has taught here since h
15、e came to China.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。We have been friends since we met in school.我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。,(4)since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时)，而for则不能。,（5）现在完成时常用句型：It is(has been)+时间段+since+时间状语或从句It is four days since last Friday.从上周五到现在已经四天了。It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.吉姆来北京已经两年了。,This is t
16、he first(second)time that+从句 句型中的that从句通常使用现在完成时。如：This is the first time that Jenny and Danny have been to China.这是珍妮和丹妮第一次来屮国。This is the third time that I have seen Karen.这是我第三次见到Karen。,（6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延 续性动词的否定式连用。如:I have bought this computer since four years ago.()I have had this computer s
17、ince four years ago.()I havent bought anything for two months.()I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.(),非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换,leave be away borrow keepbuy have begin/start be ondie be dead finish-be overopen sth keep sth open fall ill be ill,get upbe up,come here be here,join be on+组织机构/be a member 组织机构,go
18、 there be there,become be,come backbe back,fall asleep be asleep,get to/arrive/reach be(in),leave be away from,get to know know,go(get)out tie out，put onwear,catch a cold have a cold,get marriedbe married 等。,The old man died 4 years ago.The old man has been dead for 4 years.It is 4 years since the o
19、ld man died.Four years has passed since the old man died.He joined the Party 2 years ago.He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bought the book 5 days ago.I have had the book for 5 days.,如：,（7）二者引出的时间状语往往用 how long提问。,How long have you had this book?这本书你买多久了?For a week./Since a week ago.买一周了。,选择for或
20、since填空：I have been here _five months ago.2.He has been a soldier _ about two months.3.Great changes have taken place _ you left.4.His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5.I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6.It is two years _ I became a postgraduate student.,since,for,since,for,since,since,
21、即学即练,练习题:Its a long time since we _(meet)last,isnt it?2.-I know you _(choose)a picture book among these.-Yes,Have a look at it,please.3.So far,spaceships without people _(reach)the moon and some other parts of the universe.4.My father_ home for nearly three weeks.A.has gone away from B.has leftC.has
22、 been away from D.went away 5.Mr.and Mrs.Green have_ in China for a week.A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached,met,have chosen,have reached,C,A,1c Practice the conversation.Then make conversations about other things in the picture above.,A:This is a really old book.B:Yes,Ive had it for seven years.Ive re
23、ad it three times.A:Why are you selling it?B:Because I dont read it anymore.A:How much is it?B:You can have it for 75 cents.,2a Listen and check()the things Amys family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping.,book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat sca
24、rf,2b Listen again and fill in the blanks.,Amy has had her favorite _ for three years.2.Amy has had the toy _ since she was a _.3.Amys mom has had the old bread maker for more than _ years,4.Amy can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore.,book,bear,baby,ten,sweater,dress,Mom:Lets
25、look through this box of old things and decide what to give away.Amy：I think I want to keep this book.Ive had it for three years.Even though Ive already read it twice,its still my favorite book.But we can give away the magazine.Mom:What about these soft toys?Amy:I want to keep the bear because Ive h
26、ad it since I was a baby.It has special meaning to me because Grandma gave it to me.,Tape scripts,Ill give away the lion and tiger.Mom:OK.And this old bread maker of mine can go,too.Ive had it for more than 10 years.Aunt Taylor bought a new one for me last week.Amy:Thats great.We can still have home
27、made bread.And I can give away this sweater and dress,too.They dont fit me anymore.But I want to keep the hat and scarf for ice skating.Mom:Great.You can take these things to the childrens home tomorrow then.,A:Amy,can we give away these soft toys?B:Mom,I want to keep the bear.A:Why?Its so old.B:Bec
28、ause Ive had it since I was a baby.,2c Student A is Amys mom.Student B is Amy.Make conversations.,2d Role-play the conversation.,Linda:Welcome to the Sunshine Home for Children.Im Linda.Amy:Hi,Im Amy.I have some things for the kids.Ive had this magazine for a couple of months.The stories inside may
29、be a bit old,but they re still interesting.Linda:Great!Many children here love reading.,Amy:And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.Ive had them since I was a child.Theres also a sweater and a dress.Linda:Perfect!We always need toys and clothes.Amy:One last thing is a bread ma
30、ker.My moms had it for a long time but it still works.Linda:Thanks so much!,3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper.What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?,My children are growing up fast.My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school.As they get bigger our
31、house seems to get smaller.So we want to sell some of our things in a yard sale and give the money to a childrens home.,We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.My son was quite sad at first.Although he has not playe
32、d with his old toys for a long time,he still wanted to keep them.For example,he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday,and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.And he did not want to lose his toy monkey,either.,He slept next to the monkey every night when
33、 he was a child.My daughter was more understanding,although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.As for me,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but,to be honest,I have not played for a while now.I am getting older,too!,3b Read the article again and answer the questions.1.Why did they
34、decide to have a yard sale?2.What do they want to do with the money from the sale?3.Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?4.How can the old toys be useful again?5.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?,Why did
35、they decide to have a yard sale?2.What do they want to do with the money from the sale?3.Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?,As their children get bigger their house seems to get smaller.,They want to gave the money to a childrens home.,Because he has owned the train and railway
36、 set since his fourth birthday,and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.,4.How can the old toys be useful again?5.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?,They can give away the old toys to people in need o
37、r sell them for money.,Students answers.,3c Find the words or phrases in the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.,lose _ kids _truthful _ many _some time _ even though _ quickly _ older _,part with,children,to be honest,a lot of,for a while,although,fas
38、t,bigger,1.Look at the things at the yard sale.,yard sale 庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yard sale，也可译作“庭院拍卖会”。,Language points,庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，应有尽有，大到家具、电器，小到玩具、衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价钱合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价 正是这种低廉、公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得yard sale广受欢迎，逐渐 演变成一种独特的文化现象。,副词anymor
39、e亦可写作any more，常用于否定句的末尾，意思是“再（不）；(不）再”。not anymore 相当于 not any longer，,2.Because I dont read it anymore.因为我不再看它了。,例如：You can have it,for I dont need it anymore.你可以把它拿走，因为我不再需要它了。The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore.大夫叫我别再玩电脑游戏了。,3.Because Ive had it since I was a baby.因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有
40、它了。,since(自从）常常引导短语或从句，用于现在完成时的句子中。since引出从句 时，从句中一般使用过去时。,再如：Ive had these soft toys since I was a child.我还是个孩子的时候就有这些毛绒玩具了。Since that unfortunate accident last week,I havent been sleeping at all well.自从上 周发生了那次不幸的事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。,4.Ive had this magazine for a couple of months.这本杂志我买 了几个月 了。,1）a coup
41、le of 有两种意思：其一，表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体；其二，表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文 和具体的语境而决定。例如：,You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely.你得等上一 两个小时让这些衣服完全干燥。Look!There are a couple of boys waiting for you at the door.瞧!门 口有两三个男 孩正在等你。,2）介词for也常用在现在完成时的句子中，后面引出表示时间的词或短语，说明某
42、种情况已经持续了一段时间。再如：Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years.杰夫已经拥有他的自行车超过10年了。,5.We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.我们决定每人出 售五件不再使用的物品。,(1)此句中we no longer use是由that引导的定 语从句，修饰前面的名词five things。(2)句中no longer的意思是“不再；不复”，有时可用not.any longer或not.anymore替换。再如：,He no longer liv
43、es here.(=He doesnt live here anymore/any longer.)他不再住这 儿了。3)each在句中对we进行限定，表示“(两个或 两个以上的人或物中）各自；每个”。再如：My sister and I each have an English-Chinese dictionary.我和姐姐各有一本英汉词典。,to be honest是英语口语中一个常用表达，表示“说实话；老实说”。英语中类似的 表达还有：to be frank,意思是“坦率地说”。例如：To be honest,I dont like him very much.老实说，我不太喜欢他。To
44、 be perfectly frank,I think thats a crazy idea.坦白相告，我认为那是个荒唐的主意。,6.but,to be honest,I have not played for a while now.但是,说实在的,现在我已经有一段时间没玩了。,Ive already had dinner.2.He has just finished his homework.3.Mums cooked the dinner.4.Susans learned English at school.,Have you already had dinner?,Has he jus
45、t finished his homework?,Has mum cooked the dinner?,Has Susan learned English at school?,一 把下列句子改为一般疑问句。,二 选用for和since填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.H
46、is grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last time,for,since,for,since,for,since,三 动词填空：1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it an hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.3.How many times _yo
47、u _(come)here?Once.,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,come,4.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.6.So far,many countries _(develop)their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year
48、.8._ you ever _(ride)a horse?Never.9.He _(keep)the book since two days ago.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,Have,ridden,has kept,Homework,Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?Discuss with your classmates.,Thank You!,
