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鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段岩...古地理新认识及勘探区带优选_郭绪杰.pdf

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1、书书书第 25 卷第 1 期2023 年2 月古地理学报JOUNAL OF PALAEOGEOGAPHY(Chinese Edition)Vol.25No.1Feb 2023文章编号:16711505(2023)01010514DOI:107605/gdlxb202301008鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段岩相古地理新认识及勘探区带优选*郭绪杰1吴兴宁2,3金武弟1林世国1吴东旭2,3于洲2,31 中国石油勘探与生产分公司,北京 1000072 中国石油杭州地质研究院,浙江杭州 3100233 中国石油碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室,浙江杭州 310023摘要准确的岩相古地理恢复对鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组

2、四段有利储集层预测及勘探选区选带具有重要意义。依据野外露头剖面勘查、大量新钻井岩心和岩石薄片观察、单因素图分析、测井岩石结构组分解释和地震资料解译,建立了马家沟组四段台地台缘盆地的沉积模式,认为台地边缘带主要沿中央古隆起展布,同时受继承性发育的寒武纪乌审旗古隆起控制,台地内发育近北东向展布的榆林志丹次级低隆带,低隆带两侧发育台内洼地,进而形成台地内部隆洼相间的沉积格局。重磁及地震资料解释表明,鄂尔多斯盆地中晚元古代发育沿北东向展布的裂陷槽,结合怀远运动构造背景,认为该裂陷槽对马家沟期沉积格局具有重要影响。受古地貌和古裂陷槽的共同作用,马家沟组四段颗粒滩主要发育在中央古隆起和榆林志丹低隆带,总体

3、呈北东向近似雁列式分布,藻丘发育在盆地东部神木米脂盐隆地区。综合构造、沉积、储集层特征及勘探实践,优选出榆林志丹次级低隆带和神木米脂藻丘发育带是马家沟组四段天然气大规模成藏的有利勘探区。研究结果可为鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段有利储集层的预测及勘探区带优选提供重要依据。关键词鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组碳酸盐岩沉积相天然气地质勘探第一作者简介郭绪杰,男,1963 年生,博士,教授级高级工程师,现从事油气勘探地质研究工作。E-mail:gxujiepetroC。中图分类号:P531文献标志码:A*中国石油重点科技项目(编号:2019B0406)和中国石油基础性前瞻性科技项目(编号:2021DJ0503

4、)共同资助。Co-funded by theKey Science and Technology Projects of PetroChina(No.2019B0406)and PetroChina Basic Forward-looking Technology Project(No.2021DJ0503)收稿日期:20220629改回日期:20220806New analysis of lithofacies palaeogeography and explorationarea selection of the Member 4 of Majiagou Formation in Ordo

5、s BasinGUO Xujie1WU Xingning2,3JIN Wudi1LIN Shiguo1WU Dongxu2,3YU Zhou2,31 PetroChina Exploration Production Company,Beijing 100007,China2 Hangzhou esearch Institute of Geology,PetroChina,Hanghzhou 310023,China3 Key Laboratory of Carbonate eservoirs,CNPC,Hangzhou 310023,ChinaAbstractAccurate restora

6、tion of lithofacies palaeogeography is of great significance to the predictionof favorable reservoirs in the Member 4 of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the Ordos Basin and the selec-tion of exploration regions and belts Based on the field survey,identification of a large number of newly古地理学报2023 年

7、 2 月drilled cores and thin sections,single factor diagram analysis,well log interpretation for rock structureidentification,and seismic interpretation,the sedimentary pattern of platform-platform margin-basin forthe Member 4 of Majiagou Formation has been established It is believed that the marginal

8、 zone was con-trolled by the distribution of Central paleo-uplift and the Wushenqi paleo-uplift inherited from the Cambri-an The NE-trending Yulin-Zhidan secondary low uplift zone developed in the platform The depressionsdeveloped at both sides,and it then formed the sedimentary pattern of inter-upl

9、ift and depression in theplatform The interpretation of gravity,magnetic and seismic data indicates that the NE-trending aulacogendeveloped in the Ordos Basin during the Middle and Late Proterozoic,when it was under the tectonic set-ting of Huaiyuan movement,making this aulacogen have an important i

10、nfluence on the Ordovician Majia-gou sedimentary pattern Affected by the palaeotopography and aulacogen,the NE-trending grain beacheswith the echelon form of the Member 4 of Majiagou Formation are mainly developed in the Central paleo-uplift and the Yulin-Zhidan low uplift belt,and the algal mound d

11、evelops in the Shenmu-Mizhi uplift zonelocated in the eastern of the sedimentary basin Based on the comprehensive study of structure,sedimen-tary reservoir characteristics and exploration practice,the Yulin-Zhidan secondary low uplift belt and theShenmu-Mizhi algal mound development belt were select

12、ed as favorable exploration areas for large-scale gasaccumulation in the Member 4 of Majiagou Formation esults can provide important reference for the pre-diction and the optimization of exploration target areas of favorable reservoir of the Member 4 of MajiagouFormation in the Ordos BasinKey wordsO

13、rdos Basin,Ordovician,Majiagou Formation,carbonate rock,sedimentary facies,natural gas,geological explorationAbout the first authorGUO Xujie,born in 1963,Ph.D,professor,is engaged in geological re-search of oil and gas exploration E-mail:gxujiepetroC奥陶系马家沟组是鄂尔多斯盆地重要的天然气勘探层系,1989 年陕参 1 井首次钻探获得成功,发现并逐

14、渐探明的靖边风化壳型气田成为 20 世纪末中国陆上最大碳酸盐岩地层整装气田。近 10 年来,在紧紧围绕靖边气田扩边勘探的基础上,长庆油田持续加大对奥陶系马家沟组深层的勘探力度,部署的苏 203、统 74 井等相继在马家沟组中组合取得重大勘探突破,特别是 2019 年以来通过对鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系构造格局、岩相古地理和成藏条件的整体研究和再认识,提出了古隆起控储、控藏的新认识,部署的米探 1 井在马家沟组下组合马四段试气获得35.24 万立方米高产气流,揭开了鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系盐下马四段勘探新篇章。已有研究表明,马四段有利储层的分布主要受岩相古地理控制,因此有利沉积微相的精细刻画是勘探选区选带的重

15、要依据。奥陶纪,鄂尔多斯盆地内部以中央古隆起为界,西部沉积受祁连海域控制,中东部沉积受华北海域控制。多年来,不同学者对鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶纪岩相古地理进行了大量研究(李安仁等,1993;冯增昭和鲍志东,1999;侯方浩等,2003;史基安等,2009;辛勇光等,2010;周进高等,2011;郭彦 如 等,2012;黄 丽 梅 等,2012;苏 中 堂 等,2012),内容主要集中在沉积环境的恢复方面,但由于这些研究多以阶、期为恢复时间单元,对更小期次沉积微相的研究较少,造成目前难以有效地指导马家沟组四段天然气勘探。文中运用碳酸盐岩沉积学理论,在前人工作基础上,从古构造背景对沉积的控制角度出发,通过

16、野外露头勘查、大量新钻井岩心和岩石薄片的观察及岩相组合分析,结合单因素图分析、测井岩石结构组分解释和地震资料解译结果,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段沉积模式,恢复了 3 个亚段的岩相古地理面貌,以为有利储集层的预测及勘探区带优选提供重要依据。1区域地质概况1.1构造背景鄂尔多斯盆地是一个多旋回叠合型克拉通盆601第 25 卷第 1 期郭绪杰等:鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组四段岩相古地理新认识及勘探区带优选地,属于华北地台次级构造单元,构造和沉积演化受北部兴蒙海槽和西南部秦祁海槽控制(图 1),具有内部相对稳定、周缘活动的特点(郭忠铭等,1994)。兴蒙海槽和秦祁海槽均是在中元古代窄大洋的基础上发展起来的,晚震旦世至中奥陶世为发育鼎盛时期。受兴蒙海槽演化控制,华北地台北缘在晚元古代至早古生代早期主要为被动大陆边缘构造环境,早古生代中期由以拉张应力为主转为挤压应力体制,相应的构造环境由被动大陆边缘转化为活动大陆边缘,发育较为完整的沟弧盆体系(唐克东等,2022)。受秦祁海槽演化控制,华北地台南缘在晚震旦世中奥陶世属于被动大陆边缘,且随着陆壳的拉伸、减薄和沉陷,在地台边缘出现海侵层系,中寒武世中奥陶

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