1、Designation:E139012Standard Specification forIlluminators Used for Viewing Industrial Radiographs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1390;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 The function of the illuminator is to provide sufficientillumination and viewing capabilities for the purpose of iden-tification and interp
3、retation of radiographic images.This speci-fication provides the recommended minimum requirements forIndustrial Radiographic Illuminators used for viewing indus-trial radiographic films using transmitted light sources.1.2 The illuminator has to ensure the same safety forpersonnel,or users of any ele
4、ctric apparatus,as specified byelectrical standards applicable in the country in which theilluminator is used.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety a
5、nd health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation only.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive
6、Examinations3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 diffusing screenthe screen that scatters the light suchthat the light appears the same brightness from any viewingangle.3.1.2 viewing screenthe port through which the light isprojected.3.2 For additional definitions of terms used in thisspecification,se
7、e Terminology E1316.4.Ordering Information4.1 This specification is intended to be used by the manu-facturers and purchasers of radiographic illuminators.Requirements,if imposed on manufacturers,should be estab-lished by contractual agreement or appropriate purchase docu-ment.5.Materials and Manufac
8、ture5.1 GeneralThe illuminator shall consist of a housingwith one or more of the sides containing a viewing screenilluminated from the inside of the housing.The viewing screenmay also be the diffusing screen.There shall be thermalprotection to prevent overheating,and subsequent damage tothe radiogra
9、phs placed on the viewing screen.The housing orsystem may or may not require ventilation.A rheostat orsuitable electrical circuit shall be provided to vary the lightintensity.6.Physical Properties6.1 GeneralThe illuminator shall be manufactured ofmaterials deemed suitable to withstand the environmen
10、talconditions encountered under normal operating conditions.6.2 Viewing ScreenThe viewing screen shall be easy toclean and made of material which is resistant to scratches.Thesize of the screen shall allow the user to view the radiographwithout excessive glare.If the illuminator is to be used forvie
11、wing radiographs of various sizes,masks of various sizesand configurations should be provided.Alternately,an adjust-able aperture may be used.6.3 Color of LightThe color of the light used to illuminatethe radiograph shall be white,that is,color temperaturebetween 5000 and 6250K.However,illuminators
12、using non-white or“colored”light may be used if they have beenrecommended by the film manufacturers.6.4 Diffusing ScreenIf the illuminator has a diffusingscreen,the light shall be sufficiently divergent in accordancewith 7.2.6.5 HousingThe external housing shall be constructed insuch a manner that n
13、o disturbing light hinders the viewing ofthe radiographs.6.6 Anti-Glare DeviceThe illuminator shall be fitted withan anti-glare switch or device that minimizes the probability of1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 onNondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibil
14、ity of Subcommittee E07.01 onRadiology(X and Gamma)Method.Current edition approved June 15,2012.Published July 2012.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E1390-06.DOI:10.1520/E1390-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Cus
15、tomer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19
16、428-2959.United States1 the operator being subjected to excessive glare when theradiograph is removed.This switch or device may be manual orautomatic.6.7 Illuminators Used for Viewing“Wet”RadiographsIlluminators manufactured for use in viewing“wet”radio-graphs shall be manufactured to prevent the penetration ofliquid into internal electrical components in such a manner thatsafe operation of the unit would be compromised.7.Performance Requirements7.1 Maximum Luminance outputThe luminance of thetr
