1、Designation:E 1291 99(Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Method forConducting a Saturated Vapor Inhalation Study with Rats1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1291;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year
2、 of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method estimates the relative hazard of han-dling a liquid chemical,pesticide,or mixture,where exposureto va
3、pors from spilled liquids may result.1.2 The results of this test method may also be used toevaluate and compare the relative hazard between two liquidchemicals.1.3 This test method measures hazard rather than quantita-tive toxicity because the amount inhaled is governed by vaporpressure.It is recog
4、nized that the vapor air mixture in this testis not completely saturated,although for brevity it is known assaturated vapor.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of
5、 thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 7 foradditional hazard information.2.Referenced Documents2
6、.1 ASTM Standards:E 609 Definitions of Terms Relating to Pesticides2E 943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and En-vironmental Fate22.2Federal Standards:3Title 40,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),Environmen-tal Protection Agency,Subchapter E,Pesticide Programs;Part 160,Good Laboratory Pract
7、ice StandardsTitle 21,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),Food andDrug Administration,Part 58,Laboratory Practice forNonclinical Laboratory StudiesTitle 40,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),Toxic Sub-stance Control Act,Part 792,Good Laboratory PracticeStandards3.Terminology3.1 vaporsthe gaseous forms of
8、 compounds or mixtureswhich are normally in the liquid or solid state.3.2 vapor pressurethe pressure characteristic at any giventemperature of a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solidform.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Two groups of six male rats each are placed in 9-L glassdesiccators that serv
9、e as inhalation chambers.4.2 Compressed air at 1 L/min is bubbled through the testmaterial in a gas-washing bottle and then passed through theinhalation chamber.The exposure time is 8 h.One bottle holdsthe test liquid at room temperature and the other bottle is heldat 100 C in a hot oil bath.4.3 A t
10、hird group of six rats is placed in another desiccatorand has only compressed air passing through it.This is thecontrol group.4.4 Upon completion of the exposure,the gas-washingbottles are weighed again and the nominal concentration isexpressed as a ratio of the test material expelled to the totalvo
11、lume of air delivered in each test chamber.4.5 On Day 14 postexposure,the surviving rats are sacri-ficed,examined for gross abnormalities,and a completenecropsy done.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method determines the potential inhalationhazard of a liquid material where exposure consists of i
12、nhalingvapors.45.2 The results of this test method may be used to compareand evaluate the relative vapor hazard between two liquidmaterials.5.3 This test method is also applicable to materials whosemelting point is slightly above room temperature.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of Comm
13、ittee E35 on Pesticides andAlternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.26on Safety to Man.Current edition approved Oct.1,1989.Published October 2003.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E 1291 99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 1
14、1.05.3Available from U.S.Government Printing Office,Superintendent of Docu-ments,Washington,DC 20402.4Carpenter,C.P.,Smyth Jr.,H.F.,and Pozzani,U.C.,“The Assay of AcuteToxicity,and the Grading and Interpretation of Results on 96 Chemical Com-pounds,”Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology,Vol 3
15、1,1949,pp.343346.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.5.4 Results of this test method can provide information forconducting acute and subchronic inhalation studies.6.Apparatus6.1 Inhalation Chambers:6.1.1 Use three large glass
16、desiccators(9-L),each to holdone group of animals.Place a 2-hole rubber stopper in the topof each desiccator.Insert a 6.3-mm(14-in.)diameter glass tube(inlet)through the stopper to extend down to approximately25.4 mm(1 in.)from the bottom of the chamber and toprotrude 50.8 mm(2 in.)above the stopper.Insert another glasstube(outlet)to extend approximately 6.3 mm(14in.)belowand 25.4 mm(1 in.)above the stopper.6.1.2 House the animals in two flat,circular-wire cagesdesigned to fit within the desicca
