1、Designation:E 180 03Standard Practice forDetermining the Precision of ASTM Methods for Analysisand Testing of Industrial and Specialty Chemicals1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 180;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the
2、 case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice establishes uniform standards for express-ing the precision and bias of test m
3、ethods for industrial andspecialty chemicals.It includes an abridged procedure fordeveloping this information,based on the simplest elements ofstatistical analysis.There is no intent to restrict qualifiedgroups in their use of other techniques.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4、safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 In this practice,the vocabulary and guidelines forcalculation and inte
5、rpretation of statistical data according to theISO are followed as closely as possible.Particular reference ismade to ISO 5725,Parts 1 to 6.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1013 Test Method for Total Nitrogen in Resins andPlasticsD 1727 Test Method for Urea Content of Nitrogen ResinsE 29
6、Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 178 Practice for Dealing with Outlying ObservationsE 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE 691 Practice for Conductin
7、g an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE 1169 Guide for Conducting Ruggedness Tests2.2ISO Document:ISO 5725 Accuracy(trueness and precision)of measure-ments and results33.Significance and Use3.1 All test methods require statements of precision andbias.The information fo
8、r these statements is generated by aninterlaboratory study(ILS).This practice provides a specificdesign and analysis for the study,and specific formats for theprecision and bias statements.It is offered primarily for theguidance of task groups having limited statistical experience.3.2 It is recogniz
9、ed that the use of this simplified procedurewill sacrifice considerable information that could be developedthrough other designs or methods of analyzing the data.Forexample,this practice does not afford any estimate of error tobe expected between analysts within a single laboratory.Statements of pre
10、cision are restricted to those variables spe-cifically mentioned.Task groups capable of handling the moreadvanced procedures are referred to the literature(1,2,3,5,13)4and specifically to Practice E 691,the current CommitteeE11 practice for interlaboratory studies.The latter includesgraphical displa
11、y and interpretation of ILS data.3.3 The various parts appear in the following order:Part AGlossary.Part BPreliminary Studies.Part CPlanning the Interlaboratory Study.Part DTesting for Outlying Observations.Part EStatistical Analysis of Collaborative Data.Part FFormat of Precision Statements.Part GB
12、ias(Systematic Error).Part HPresentation of Data.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E15 on Industrialand Specialty Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E15.01 onGeneral Standards.Current edition approved Oct.1,2003.Published December 2003.Originallyappro
13、ved in 1961 as E 180 61 T.Last previous edition approved in 1999 asE 180 99.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AST
14、M website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1 Rue deVaremb,Case postale 56,CH-1211 Geneva 20,Switzerland.4The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis practice.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,W
15、est Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.4.Keywords4.1 bias;industrial chemicals;interlaboratory study;preci-sion;specialty chemicalsPART AGLOSSARY5.Scope5.1 The following statistical terms are defined in the sensein which they will be used in presenting precision and biasinformation.These defin
16、itions have been simplified and are notnecessarily universally acceptable nor as defined in Terminol-ogy E 456 and Practice E 177.For definitions and explanationsof other statistical terms used in this practice,refer to Termi-nology E 456 and Practice E 177.6.Terminology6.1 Definitions and Descriptions of Terms:6.1.1 accuracythe agreement between an experimentallydetermined value and the accepted reference value.In chemicalwork,this term is frequently used to express freedom frombias,but in othe
