1、Designation:D 645/D 645M 97(Reapproved 2002)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forThickness of Paper and Paperboard1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 645/D 645M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case o
2、f revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thick-ness of paper and paperboard except electri
3、cal insulatingpapers(see Test Methods D 202).1.1.1 Because of the relatively high pressure 50 kPa 7.3psi used in this test method,it may not be suitable formeasurement of tissue or other soft or low density materials,because the structure may collapse(decrease in thickness)atthe prescribed pressure
4、of 50 kPa.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or in other units shallbe regarded separately as standard.The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each systemmust be used independently of the other,without combiningvalues in any way.1.3 This standard does not purport
5、 to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 202 Test
6、Methods of Sampling and Testing UntreatedPaper Used for Electrical Insulation2D 585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,and Related Product3D 685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor Testing3D 1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Pr
7、oducts32.2TAPPI Standards:T 411 Thickness(caliper)of paper,paperboard,and combi-nation board4T 1206 Precision statements for test methods43.Terminology3.1 Definitions shall be in accordance with TerminologyD 1968 and the Dictionary of Paper.44.Significance and Use4.1 Thickness is an important proper
8、ty of paper or paper-board,critical for certain end uses of paper and paperboard.This test method is useful for research work,routine control,design of end-use products,and for acceptance testing forconformance to a specification.Apparent density and otherpaper properties are related to thickness.5.
9、Apparatus5.1 Micrometer,conforming to the following specifications:5.1.1 Motor operated,dead-weight(not spring)actuated.5.1.2 The micrometer shall have a flat ground circularmovable face(the presser foot),having an area of 200 6 5mm2equivalent to about 0.31 6 0.01 in.2 and correspondingto a diameter
10、 of 16 6 0.2 mm 0.63 6 0.01 in.5.1.3 The micrometer shall have a flat ground circular fixedface(the anvil)of such size that it is in contact with the wholearea of the pressure foot in the zero position.5.1.4 The surface of the presser foot shall be parallel to thesurface of the anvil to within 0.001
11、 mm 0.00005 in.Thepresser foot movement shall be on an axis that is perpendicularto the anvil surface.The minimum distance between the anviland the presser foot in the“up”or raised position shall be 0.75mm 0.030 in.5.1.5 The presser foot,when lowered,shall exert steadypressure on the specimen of 50
12、6 2 kPa approximately 7.3 60.3 psi or 0.51 kgf/cm2 for 3 6 1 s.The period of steadypressure on the specimen is referred to as dwell time.5.1.6 The presser foot shall have a lowering speed of 0.8 60.1 mm 0.03 6 0.004 in./s.5.1.7 The frame of the micrometer shall be of such rigiditythat a load of 1.5
13、kg(3 lb)applied to the dial housing,out ofcontact with either the weight or the presser foot spindle,willproduce a deflection of the frame not greater than 0.0025 mm0.0001 in.as indicated by the micrometer readout system.5.2 Readout SystemTwo types of readout systems areavailable for use in this tes
14、t method as follows:5.2.1 Dial-Type System with a dial,graduated to 0.002 mm0.0001 in.or less,readable to at least 0.001 mm 0.00005 in.,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D06 on Paperand Paper Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D06.92 on TestMethods.
15、Current edition approved Dec.10,1997.Published November 1998.Originallyapproved in 1941.Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 645 96.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 10.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.09.4Available from the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry,Techno
16、logy Park,P.O.Box 105113,Atlanta,GA 30348.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.or 1%of paper thickness,whichever is larger.If the largeindicating hand of the dial is required to revolve more thanonce to cover the capacity of the gage,equip the dial with arevolution counter to indicate the number of complete revolu-tions of the indicating hand.5.2.2 Digital-Type Readout System,with a digital displayindication to at least 0.0
