1、Designation:D617814Standard Practice forEstimation of Short-term Inhalation Exposure to VolatileOrganic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6178;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case
2、 of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedures for estimation ofshort-term human inhalation exposure to volat
3、ile organicchemicals(VOCs)emitted from bedding sets when a newbedding set is first brought into a house.1.2 The estimated exposure is based on an estimated emis-sion profile of VOCs from bedding sets.1.3 The VOC emission from bedding sets,as in the case ofother household furnishings,usually are high
4、est when theproducts are new.Procedures described in this practice also areapplicable to used bedding sets.1.4 Exposure to airborne VOC emissions in a residence isestimated for a household member,based on location andactivity patterns.1.5 The estimated exposure may be used for characteriza-tion of h
5、ealth risks that could result from short-term exposuresto VOC emissions.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It
6、 is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to its use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD5116 Guide
7、for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber De-terminations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/ProductsD5157 Guide for Statistical Evaluation of IndoorAir QualityModelsD6177 Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Vola-tile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding SetsD6670 Practice for Full-S
8、cale Chamber Determination ofVolatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions and terms used in thispractice,refer to Terminology D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 air change rate,nthe volume of outdoor air thatenters t
9、he indoor environment in one hour,divided by thevolume of the indoor space.3.2.2 bedding set,nan ensemble that includes a mattressfor sleeping and a supporting box spring.3.2.3 emission profile,na time-series of emission rates ofone or more compounds.3.2.4 exposure scenario,na description of how and
10、 wherean estimated exposure occurs,including(1)the location andemission profile of the product or material that causesexposure,(2)the indoor environment where the individual isexposed to airborne emissions from the product or material,and(3)the location and activity patterns of the exposedindividual
11、.3.2.5 potential inhaled dose,nthe product of air concen-tration to which an individual is exposed times breathing ratetimes duration of exposure.3.2.5.1 DiscussionThe potential inhaled dose is differentfrom the dose actually absorbed by a target organ.3.2.6 short-term exposure,nan exposure of one w
12、eek orless in duration.3.2.7 volatile organic chemical,nan organic compoundwith saturation vapor pressure greater than 102kPa at 25C.4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes procedures for estimation ofinhalation exposure to VOCs emitted from new bedding sets1This practice is under the juris
13、diction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.Current edition approved Oct.15,2014.Published November 2014.Originallyapproved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6178 97(2008).DOI:10.1520/D6178-14.2For referenced ASTM
14、standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 194
15、28-2959.United States1(1).3The estimation of exposure is based on the emissionprofiles for a bedding set,the environmental conditions in aresidence where the bedding set is being used,and the locationand activity patterns of an exposed individual.Emissionprofiles are derived from environmental chamb
16、er emissiontests(see Practice D6670,Guide D5116,and Practice D6177).4.2 Estimation of exposure involves development of expo-sure scenarios,modeling of indoor-air concentrations,andselection and calculation of exposure measures.5.Significance and Use5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide proceduresfor estimation of human inhalation exposure to VOCs emittedfrom bedding sets.The estimated inhalation exposure can beused as an input to characterization of health risks fromshort-term VOC exp
